玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特：哲学家与女性主义者

Mary Wollstonecraft — an English philosopher, author and feminist — was born into a financially unstable household with a violent alcoholic father at its helm in London on this day in 1759.

1759年的今天，英国哲学家、作家和女权主义者玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特(Mary Wollstonecraft)出生在伦敦一个经济状况不稳定的家庭，一家之主，也就是她的父亲，是一名具有暴力倾向的酒鬼。

Wollstonecraft rejected the notion that women were incapable of reason, and promoted women’s education. And she opposed marriage, which she considered to be a form of slavery.

对于女性不理性的观念，沃斯通克拉夫特予以否定，还推广女性接受教育的观点。她反对婚姻，认为那是某种形式的奴役。

In the end she did marry — to William Godwin, who is now seen as one of the first modern proponents of anarchism — when she was pregnant with her second child. (Wollstonecraft had a daughter from an affair with an American.)

最后，她还是结婚了——在怀了第二个孩子时，嫁给了威廉姆·戈德温(William Godwin)，如今他被视为现代支持无政府主义的第一人。(沃斯通克拉夫特在与一位美国人的婚外情中有过一个女儿。)

Wollstonecraft died at 38, less than two weeks after giving birth to a second daughter, Mary, who would grow up to write “Frankenstein.”

沃斯通克拉夫特38岁去世，去世时距离生下二女儿玛丽(Mary)不到两周时间。她长大后写下了《弗兰肯斯坦》(Frankenstein)。

Among the works for which Wollstonecraft is known are two (angry) public letters: “A Vindication of the Rights of Men” (this was published anonymously in 1790) and “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,” published in 1792.

沃斯通克拉夫特的著名作品中有两封(愤怒的)公开信：《男权辩护》(A Vindication of the Rights of Men，这是在1790年匿名发表的)和发表于1792年的《女权辩护》(A Vindication of the Rights of Woman)。

Her goal for women: “I do not wish them to have power over men, but over themselves.”

她对女性的目标是：“我不希望她们拥有支配男性的力量，而是要有支配自己的力量。”