儿科医生支持对严重肥胖儿童进行减肥手术

儿科医生支持对严重肥胖儿童进行减肥手术

Weight loss surgery has traditionally been viewed as a procedure for adults with severe obesity who haven't been able to lose weight or keep it off. Now, pediatricians are calling for it to be more accessible for children and teens with severe obesity too.

传统意义上，减肥手术被认为是严重肥胖的成年人无法减肥或保持体重的一种手段。现在，儿科医生们呼吁让严重肥胖的儿童和青少年也能更容易地进行减肥手术。

The American Academy of Pediatrics now recommends that bariatric surgery should be considered a safe treatment option for children and teens with severe obesity. The AAP made the recommendation in its first-ever policy statement on surgical treatments for children and teens with severe obesity, published in the medical journal Pediatrics on Sunday.

美国儿科学会现在建议，对于患有严重肥胖的儿童和青少年来说，减肥手术应该被视为一种安全的治疗选择。美国儿科学会周日在医学期刊《儿科学》上发表了有史以来第一份针对严重肥胖儿童和青少年的外科治疗政策声明，提出了上述建议。

"This policy statement focuses more upon acceptance of -- and access to -- appropriate care than anything else," said Dr. Kirk Reichard, surgical director of the Bariatric Surgery Program at Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children in Delaware, who was a co-author of the policy statement.

“这份政策声明更多地关注于接受和获得适当的护理，而不是其他，”特拉华州内穆/阿尔弗雷德杜邦儿童医院减肥手术项目的外科主任柯克·赖查德博士说，他是该政策声明的合著者之一。

This policy statement specifically says that there's no specific age guideline.

这份政策声明明确表示，没有具体的年龄限制。

Furthermore, we recognize that severe obesity in children disproportionally affects racial and ethnic minorities, and the economically disadvantaged, especially for girls."

此外，我们认识到，儿童严重肥胖严重影响种族和少数民族，以及经济上的弱势群体，特别是女童。”

Becoming the person she wanted to be

成为她想成为的那个人

Avery Feinstein, who underwent a gastrectomy last year when she was 18 to treat her severe obesity, called the new AAP recommendations "awesome" and said she hopes that more awareness is raised around adolescent bariatric surgery. Gastrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part or all of the stomach.

去年，18岁的艾弗里·范斯坦为治疗严重肥胖而接受了胃切除手术。她称美国儿科学会的新建议“棒极了”，并表示希望更多的人关注青少年减肥手术。胃切除术是一种切除部分或全部胃的外科手术。

"It's helped me so much with who I am now," she said. "If I did that in older age, I would miss my college years, living like how I am now and having the best time of my life."

“这对我现在的自我帮助很大，”她说。“如果我在年老的时候这样做，我会错过我的大学时光，像现在这样生活，度过我生命中最美好的时光。”

Avery Feinstein lost 70% of her excess body weight and resolved her other health issues after surgery at age 18.

艾弗里·范斯坦在18岁时通过手术减掉了70%多余的体重，并解决了其他健康问题。

As a 19-year-old college sophomore at the University of Missouri, Feinstein now says she's thriving. She joined a sorority, maintained her studies to become a psychiatrist, and continued to eat a healthy diet and stay active.

作为一名19岁的密苏里大学二年级学生，范斯坦说她现在积极向上。她加入了一个女生联谊会，坚持学习成为一名心理医生，继续保持健康的饮食，保持活跃。

Her favorite pastime is riding her horse, Rudy, whom she houses in a barn just 15 minutes away from campus.

她最喜欢的活动是骑她的马（鲁迪），她把它安置在离学校只有15分钟路程的牲口棚里。

Feinstein struggled with her weight throughout childhood. She went to a weight-loss camp in middle school and tried strict diets, but neither helped her manage a healthy weight. During that time, Feinstein felt self-conscious and concerned about her health.

范斯坦整个童年都被体重所困扰。她在中学时参加了减肥营，尝试了严格的节食，但都没能帮助她保持健康的体重。在那段时间里，范斯坦感到局促不安，担心自己的健康。

"I was trapped in how big I was," she said.

“我因为自己的体型而困扰，”她说。

At age 17, Feinstein and her mother visited a nutritionist at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and the nutritionist recommended Feinstein to the hospital's adolescent bariatric surgery program.

17岁时，范斯坦和母亲去芝加哥Ann & Robert H. Lurie儿童医院看营养师，营养师建议范斯坦参加医院的青少年减肥手术项目。

Immediately, Feinstein knew that -- with support from her mother and the help of the hospital staff -- she wanted to undergo surgery to improve her health, especially before starting college in the fall.

范斯坦立刻意识到，在母亲的支持和医院工作人员的帮助下，她想接受手术来改善自己的健康状况，尤其是在秋季开始上大学之前。

"I had no clue that this could have been an option," Feinstein said about the surgery.

“我不知道这可能也是一种选择，”范斯坦谈到手术时说。

"I knew that I was going to go off to college and this was the perfect time to turn my life around," she said. "This was something that was going to help me become the person that I wanted to be, and not the person that I was."

“我知道我要去上大学了，这是改变我生活的最佳时机，”她说。“这将帮助我成为我想成为的人，而不是以前的我。”

Rudy has been by Feinstein's side during her weight loss journey.

在范斯坦减肥的过程中，鲁迪一直在她身边。

Obesity, which now affects 1 in 5 children and adolescents in the United States, can raise the risk for many health problems, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, breathing problems and certain cancers.

肥胖现在影响着美国五分之一的儿童和青少年，它会增加许多健康问题的风险，包括糖尿病、心脏病、中风、关节炎、呼吸问题和某些癌症。

"As the rate of childhood obesity continues to increase, it's critical for us to identify whether weight loss procedures that are frequently performed on adults are also safe and effective options for adolescents," Swendiman said. "For certain patients, surgical therapy may be the best option for long-term treatment."

斯温迪曼说:“随着儿童肥胖率的持续增长，我们有必要确定以往在成人身上进行的减肥手术对青少年来说是否也是安全有效的选择。”“对某些病人来说，手术治疗可能是长期治疗的最佳选择。”