导致整队远足者死亡的迪亚特洛夫隘口神秘事件可能刚刚被解决了

导致整队远足者死亡的迪亚特洛夫隘口神秘事件可能刚刚被解决了

On January 27, 1959, a team of hikers from the Ural Polytechnic Institute in Russia set off on an expedition in the northern Ural Mountains, with the goal of reaching Gora Oterten Mountain. They never reached their destination, all perishing on the freezing slopes of Kholat Syakhl Mountain – translating to “Death Mountain” in the local indigenous Mansi language.

1959年1月27日，来自俄罗斯乌拉尔理工学院的一支徒步探险队在乌拉尔山脉北部出发，目标是到达戈拉奥特腾山。他们从未到达目的地，所有人都死在Kholat Syakhl山冰冷的山坡上——在当地土著曼西语中，Kholat Syakhl山被翻译为“死亡山”。

Their deaths were so disturbing and mysterious that the Dyatlov Pass Incident has become infamous, with many theories swirling around the unfortunate fates of the hikers. These range from avalanches and panic-inducing sound waves to aliens, yetis, and secret military experiments. However, a new paper published in Communications Earth & Environment suggests that a rare type of slab avalanche could have been the culprit. "The truth, of course, is that no one really knows what happened that night. But we do provide strong quantitative evidence that the avalanche theory is plausible," said co-author Professor Alexander Puzrin in a statement.

他们的死亡是如此令人不安和神秘，以至于Dyatlov Pass事件变得臭名昭著，许多理论围绕着这些徒步旅行者的不幸命运。从雪崩、引发恐慌的声波到外星人、雪人和秘密军事实验。然而，发表在《通讯地球与环境》杂志上的一篇新论文指出，一种罕见的板状雪崩可能是罪魁祸首。当然，事实是没有人真正知道那天晚上发生了什么。但我们确实提供了有力的定量证据，证明雪崩理论是可信的。”

Francesca Benson MSci

Their tent was found on February 26, 1959, cut open from within with belongings still inside. Footprints in the snow indicating they were barefoot, wearing only socks, or a single boot, led away from the tent and then disappeared.

他们的帐篷在1959年2月26日被发现，帐篷被从里面切开，里面的东西还在。雪地上的脚印表明他们光着脚，只穿袜子或一只靴子，离开了帐篷，然后消失了。

The first two bodies were found on February 27, under a cedar tree by the remnants of a fire. The hikers had suffered burns, and one of them had bitten off his own knuckle. They were barefoot, only wearing underwear. The remains of three others were found between this site and the tent, frozen in poses implying that they were trying to return to camp. On May 4, almost three months later, the last four bodies were found in a ravine around 75 meters (246 feet) from the tree, under 4 meters (13 feet) of snow. Two had their eyes missing, one had no eyebrows, and one had had their tongue ripped out.

最初的两具尸体是在2月27日被发现的，地点是一棵雪松树下，大火的余烬旁。这两名登山者都被烧伤了，其中一人还咬掉了自己的指关节。他们光着脚，只穿了内衣。在这个地点和帐篷之间发现了另外三个人的遗体，他们的姿势僵硬，表明他们正试图返回营地。大约三个月后的5月4日，最后四具尸体在离树75米(246英尺)的峡谷中被发现，被雪覆盖了4米(13英尺)。有两个眼睛不见了，一个没有眉毛，还有一个舌头被拔了出来。

The question is, why did these very experienced hikers flee their tent so ill-equipped to survive? Some people blame aliens. Strange lights were seen in the sky around the time of the incident, and some of the hiker’s clothes inexplicably had traces of radiation on them. These factors have also led some to believe that the deaths were a result of a secret military or KGB operation. Others theorize that a Kármán vortex street caused panic attacks in the hikers. This is a pattern of wind that generates low-frequency waves of sound and could cause unpleasant psychological effects. Other sources – including a 2014 Discovery Channel documentary – claim a murderous yeti killed the hikers. A photo from a hiker’s camera, supposedly of a yeti but probably of someone in snow gear, has helped fuel this theory.

问题是，为什么这些经验丰富的徒步旅行者要逃离装备如此简陋的帐篷来生存?有些人指责外星人。事故发生时，天空中出现了奇怪的光，令人费解的是，登山者的一些衣服上有辐射痕迹。这些因素也使一些人认为这些死亡是秘密军事行动或克格勃行动的结果。另一些人推测是Kármán漩涡街引起了徒步旅行者的恐慌袭击。这是一种风的模式，它会产生低频声波，并可能造成令人不快的心理影响。其他消息来源——包括探索频道2014年的纪录片——声称是一个凶残的雪人杀害了这些徒步旅行者。一名徒步旅行者的相机拍下了一张照片，据说是雪人，但很可能是一个穿着雪地装备的人，这帮助证实了这一理论。

Did this creature stalk and kill the 9 victims of the #dyatlovpass incident? Photo found on a victim's camera.

这个生物是否跟踪并杀死了#dyatlovpass事件的9名受害者?可以在受害者的相机里找到照片。

The avalanche theory is the least far-fetched, but there are many points that contradict it. Firstly, the rescue team didn’t find any evidence of an avalanche at the scene of the incident, and the angle of the slope above was not steep enough for a typical avalanche. The injuries to the hiker’s chests and skulls were also unusual for the victims of an avalanche.

雪崩理论是最不牵强的，但有许多观点与之相悖。首先，救援队在事故现场没有发现任何雪崩的证据，而且上面的斜坡角度也不够陡，不适合发生典型的雪崩。对雪崩受害者来说，这名徒步旅行者的胸部和头骨受伤也不常见。

“Previous investigators have been unable to explain how, in the absence of any snowfall that evening, an avalanche could have been triggered in the middle of the night. We had to come up with a new theory to explain it,” said co-author Professor Johan Gaume. “We use data on snow friction and local topography to prove that a small slab avalanche could occur on a gentle slope, leaving few traces behind.”

“之前的调查人员一直无法解释，在那天晚上没有降雪的情况下，怎么会在半夜触发雪崩。我们必须提出新的理论来解释这一现象。“我们使用雪摩擦和当地地形的数据来证明，小型板状雪崩可能会发生在缓坡上，几乎不会留下痕迹。”

The hikers carved out a section of the slope to pitch their tent. “That was the initial trigger, but that alone wouldn't have been enough,” said Professor Puzrin. “The katabatic wind probably drifted the snow and allowed an extra load to build up slowly. At a certain point, a crack could have formed and propagated, causing the snow slab to release.”

徒步旅行者在斜坡上凿出一段来搭帐篷。普兹林教授说:“这是最初的触发因素，但仅凭这一点还不够。”“重力风可能使雪漂移，让额外的负荷慢慢积累起来。在某一点上，裂缝可能已经形成并扩展，导致雪板释放。”