研究表明，特应性湿疹与各种原因死亡风险的增加有关

研究表明，特应性湿疹与各种原因死亡风险的增加有关

People with atopic eczema may have an increased chance of death from all causes – particularly infectious diseases – suggests a new study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. With atopic eczema impacting 10-20% of children and up to 10% of adults worldwide, the results give important insight into how allergy-related conditions may have drastic impacts on overall health.

发表在《过敏与临床免疫学杂志》上的一项新研究表明，患有特应性湿疹的人死于各种原因的几率可能会增加，尤其是传染性疾病。特应性湿疹影响了全球10-20%的儿童和高达10%的成年人，研究结果为了解与过敏相关的条件如何可能对整体健康产生剧烈影响提供了重要的见解。

"Recent evidence has led to a paradigm shift in how atopic eczema is perceived, from focusing on skin symptoms and associated allergic diseases, to understanding that the disease may be associated with a range of important medical outcomes. Recently, we found atopic eczema to be associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, angina and heart failure.” said Sinéad Langan, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at LSHTM, in a statement.

“最近的证据导致了对特应性湿疹的认知范式的转变，从关注皮肤症状和相关的过敏性疾病，到理解该疾病可能与一系列重要的医学结果相关。最近，我们发现特应性湿疹与心肌梗死、缺血性中风、心绞痛和心力衰竭的风险增加有关。伦敦医学院临床流行病学教授Sinéad Langan在一份声明中说。

"However, few studies have assessed if atopic eczema increases the risk of death, a research question we aimed to address in this study."

“然而，很少有研究评估特应性湿疹是否会增加死亡风险，这是我们在本研究中旨在解决的研究问题。”

Jack Dunhill

The study covered over 3 million records of patients that died in the UK from 1998 to 2016, looking for differences between those with atopic eczema and those without. The researchers, from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, also aimed to determine whether the severity of eczema changes the risks of all-cause mortality.

该研究涵盖了1998年至2016年英国死亡的300多万名患者的记录，寻找患有特应性湿疹和非特应性湿疹患者之间的差异。来自伦敦卫生与热带医学院的研究人员还试图确定湿疹的严重程度是否会改变全因死亡的风险。

The results demonstrated a weak – but significant – correlation between people with atopic eczema and death from all causes, with an associated 4% risk increase. Diseases that were used as part of all-cause mortality included 15 different distinct causes including respiratory, circulatory and digestive diseases.

结果表明，特应性湿疹患者与各种原因导致的死亡之间存在微弱但显著的相关性，相关风险增加4%。作为全死因死亡率一部分的疾病包括15种不同的原因，包括呼吸系统、循环系统和消化系统疾病。

However, the more interesting results came from associations with increased eczema severity and all-cause mortality. Patients with severe manifestations of atopic eczema had a 62% higher risk of dying than those without, with the largest increases seen in death by infections. The reason why is not yet understood, but the researchers express a strong need to understand the underlying mechanisms behind the increase in death rate.

然而，更有趣的结果来自于湿疹严重程度和全因死亡率的增加。有严重特应性湿疹表现的患者的死亡风险比无特应性湿疹表现的患者高62%，其中死于感染的人数增加最多。原因尚不清楚，但研究人员表示强烈需要了解死亡率上升背后的潜在机制。

This study represents the largest look into the relationship between atopic eczema, all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality. The findings are in line with previous studies that identified an increased risk of various serious conditions and eczema, suggesting there is a definite link between the two. However, the authors recognize the limitations of the study methodology, in which selection bias – picking subjects related to the study that may not be representative of the population – may skew the data, but steps were taken throughout to limit this as much as possible. Studies such as this serve as a starting point for future lines of inquiry.

本研究对特应性湿疹、全因死亡率和因特异性死亡率之间的关系进行了最大的研究。这一发现与之前的研究一致，这些研究发现患各种严重疾病和湿疹的风险增加，这表明两者之间存在着明确的联系。然而，作者认识到研究方法的局限性，在选择偏倚中——选择与研究相关的对象，可能不代表人群——可能扭曲数据，但采取了步骤，以尽可能限制这种情况。这样的研究可以作为未来研究的起点。

"Although the absolute risk of death from severe eczema is low, our findings suggest that those with severe or more active forms of the disease do face a higher risk of dying from associated health issues. We hope that this new information will help inform further research to better understand this pattern and the underlying mechanisms of these associations, and subsequently inform and improve treatment processes for those with severe eczema." Said Professor Langan.

“虽然死于严重湿疹的绝对风险很低，但我们的研究结果表明，那些患有严重或更活跃形式的湿疹的人确实面临着更高的死于相关健康问题的风险。”我们希望这一新的信息将有助于进一步研究，更好地理解这种模式和这些关联的潜在机制，并随后为严重湿疹患者提供信息和改善治疗过程。”兰甘教授说。