亚开行：亚洲基础设施严重短缺
亚洲开发银行(ADB，简称亚开行)警告称，从现在到2030年亚洲需要投资26万亿美元来解决基础设施严重短缺的问题——该问题可能会拖累世界上一些增长最快的经济体。
This requires countries across the region to double total annual spending to about $1.7tn in areas ranging from transport to basic sanitation, the ADB says in a report.
该行在报告中称，这需要亚洲各国把每年在多个领域(从交通运输到基本卫生)的支出增加一倍，至1.7万亿美元。
The warning signals that even a big improvement in infrastructure in the past two decades has failed to keep pace with the rapid growth of economies, population and urbanisation. The shortfall is most acute outside China, which is already spending at more than 90 per cent of the levels it is projected to need.
这一警告表明，过去20年亚洲基础设施的大幅改善未能赶上经济、人口和城镇化快速发展的需要。基础设施短缺在中国以外的国家最为严重。中国在基础设施上的支出已经达到预计所需水平的90%以上。
“The demand for infrastructure across Asia and the Pacific far outstrips current supply,” Takehiko Nakao, president of the Manila-based ADB, said. “There is a huge gap still to provide power and roads and railways. All these things are missing.”
“亚太各国对基础设施的需求远远超过目前的供应，”总部位于马尼拉的亚开行的行长中尾武彦(Takehiko Nakao)表示，“在电力、道路和铁路方面仍然存在巨大缺口。这一切都处于短缺状态。”
The 45 countries surveyed in the report, which covers 2016-2030, are forecast to need investment of $26tn over 15 years to maintain growth, cut poverty and deal with climate change.
该报告调查了45个国家，针对的时期是2016年至2030年。预计未来15年这些国家需要投资26万亿美元来保持增长、减少贫困以及应对气候变化。
The region is estimated to spend about $881bn a year at present. This means a gap between actual and required spending of about 2.4 per cent of forecast gross domestic product in 2016-20.
预计该地区目前每年在基础设施方面的支出约为8810亿美元。这意味着2016-2020年期间实际投入和所需支出之间的缺口约为预期国内生产总值(GDP)的2.4%。
China accounts for nearly half of the $1.7tn total annual requirement but its infrastructure gap is much smaller than the Asian average after a quarter century of unprecedented investment.
在亚洲每年所需的1.7万亿美元支出总额中，中国占近一半，但在经历了25年前所未有的投资热潮后，中国在基础设施上的缺口远远小于亚洲平均水平。
The world’s second-largest economy is estimated to need $754bn in annual investment in the five years through 2020 — not far shy of its estimated 2015 investment of $686bn.
在截至2020年的5年里，世界第二大经济体预计每年需要投资7540亿美元，这与其2015年6860亿美元的投资估值相差不大。
Between 2000 and 2012 the annual average increase in China’s electricity generation capacity was 10.7 per cent, creating one of the region’s most reliable networks in terms of limiting outages and transmission losses.
在2000年至2012年期间，中国发电装机容量平均每年增长10.7%，在减少停电和输电损耗方面缔造了亚太地区最可靠的电网之一。
Similarly aggressive investment in mobile telecommunications infrastructure provided the basis for average annual subscriber growth of 19.2 per cent between 2000 and 2015.
在移动通讯基础设施方面类似的积极投资，为中国在2000年至2015年期间平均19.2%的年用户增长提供了基础。
But Chinese infrastructure investment has been mostly debt-funded, fuelling concerns about rising levels of corporate indebtedness. Growing numbers of countries around the world are being attracted to the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which was created last year with 57 founding shareholders .
但中国基础设施投资主要靠债务提供资金，这引发了人们对企业负债水平不断攀高的担忧。如今世界各地越来越多的国家受到由中国牵头的亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB)的吸引。该行于去年成立，有57个创始股东。
