超过20个国家开始建造“绿色长城”来阻止气候变化和贫困

超过20个国家开始建造“绿色长城”来阻止气候变化和贫困

Greta Thunberg is challenging nations to go green, MrBeast is rounding up YouTubers to plant trees, and Ethiopia is restoring its natural landscapes with record-breaking feats—saving the planet has never been more important than it is now.

Greta Thunberg正在挑战各国去绿化，beast先生正在召集youtuber去植树，埃塞俄比亚正在以破纪录的速度恢复它的自然景观——拯救地球从来没有比现在更重要。

These initiatives are certainly not the first, but they definitely help in the battle against climate change. Not only do they bring to the forefront the issues that we as inhabitants of Earth face, but it also sheds light on a number of other green campaigns—campaigns like the Great Green Wall.

这些举措肯定不是第一个，但它们肯定有助于对抗气候变化。它们不仅把我们作为地球上的居民所面临的问题提到了最重要的位置，而且也为许多其他的绿色运动——如“绿色长城”运动——提供了启示。

The Great Green Wall is planned to span 8,000km, covering 100 million hectares of land

绿色长城计划跨越8000公里，占地1亿公顷

Image credits: EcoPandas

Officially approved in 2005 and heavily endorsed in 2007, the Great Green Wall (sometimes called the Great Wall of Africa) is an initiative that aims to combat the effects of desertification in the Sahel Region (Northern Africa) and climate change worldwide.

2005年正式批准，2007年大力支持，绿色长城(有时被称为非洲长城)是一项旨在对抗萨赫勒地区(北非)沙漠化和全球气候变化影响的倡议。

The Great Green Wall Initiative aims to restore 100 million hectares of land that is currently degraded in the region and to sequester 250 million tons of carbon by 2030.

“绿色长城”计划旨在恢复该地区目前退化的1亿公顷土地，并在2030年之前封存2.5亿吨碳。

Image credits: Great Green Wall

The initiative will also provide a number of socioeconomic advantages, like creating 10 million green jobs and greater economic opportunities for the youth as well as ensuring greater food security to millions.

该计划还将提供一系列社会经济优势，如为年轻人创造1000万个绿色就业机会和更多的经济机会，以及确保数百万人获得更大的粮食保障。

Needless to say, the Great Green Wall Initiative will also grow an 8,000km chain of forests, making it a possible contender for the natural wonders of the world and a potential tourist location.

不用说，绿色长城计划还将种植8000公里的森林链，使其成为世界自然奇观和潜在旅游景点的一个可能的竞争者。

20+ African countries are already on board with the project with another 23 regional & international partners

20多个非洲国家已经与另外23个区域和国际合作伙伴加入了该项目

Image credits: Great Green Wall

The ecological project gathers a great deal of inspiration and wisdom from other similar projects around the globe. Among them is the Algerian Green Dam, a massive reforestation program to safeguard and develop pre-Saharan areas, and the Green Wall of China, a series of wind-breaking forest strips in China to hold back the expansion of the Gobi Desert.

生态项目从全球其他类似项目中汲取了大量灵感和智慧。其中包括阿尔及利亚的“绿坝”和中国的“绿墙”。前者是一项大规模的植树造林计划，目的是保护和发展撒哈拉以南地区;后者是中国的一系列防风林带，目的是阻止戈壁沙漠的扩张。

Image credits: Great Green Wall

It has been 12 years since the official launch of the program, during which a handful of nations have achieved great results. According to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, a bit over 20 million hectares of land (roughly 20% of the goal) has been restored in Ethiopia, Senegal, Nigeria, Sudan, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and a handful of other nations. At the moment, a total of 21 countries are hosting projects related to the Great Green Wall with 23 regional and international partners in support.

该项目正式启动已经12年了，在此期间，少数国家取得了巨大的成果。根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》，埃塞俄比亚、塞内加尔、尼日利亚、苏丹、布基纳法索、马里、尼日尔和其他几个国家已经恢复了2000多万公顷土地(约为目标的20%)。目前，共有21个国家在23个地区和国际伙伴的支持下，主办与绿色长城有关的项目。

Image credits: Great Green Wall

The Great Green Wall Campaign has received a bit of criticism for attempting to solve desertification problem using the wrong means. According to Alessandra Giannini, a climate scientist at the International Research Institute for Climate and Society, the Saharan Desert formed because of where it is and how little rain it gets. The amount of vegetation will not change the amount of rainfall.

“绿色长城”运动因试图用错误的方式解决荒漠化问题而受到了一些批评。据国际气候与社会研究所的气候科学家亚历山德拉·贾尼尼说，撒哈拉沙漠的形成是因为它的地理位置和降雨量少。植被的数量不会改变降雨量。

Image credits: Great Green Wall

Regardless, planting trees will mean reducing the effects of climate change, which now brings less frequent, but more intensive rainfall. Forestation should help reduce run-off and increase water infiltration into the soil resulting in a more efficient use of rainfall.

无论如何，植树将意味着减少气候变化的影响，现在气候变化带来的降雨虽然不那么频繁，但强度更大。造林应有助于减少径流和增加渗入土壤的水，从而更有效地利用降雨。