自联合国开始讨论气候变化以来，世界已变暖了1度

自联合国开始讨论气候变化以来，世界已变暖了1度

Since leaders first started talking about tackling the problem of climate change, the world has spewed more heat-trapping gases, gotten hotter and suffered hundreds of extreme weather disasters. Fires have burned, ice has melted and seas have grown.

自从各国领导人第一次开始讨论解决气候变化问题以来，全球已排放了更多的温室气体，变得越来越热，并遭受了数百次极端天气灾害。火烧了，冰融化了，海也变大了。

The first United Nations diplomatic conference to tackle climate change was in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Here’s what’s happened to Earth since:

1992年在里约热内卢召开了第一次联合国应对气候变化外交会议。以下是自那时以来地球发生的变化:

The carbon dioxide level in the air has jumped from about 358 parts per million to nearly 412, according to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. That’s a 15 percent rise in 27 years.

根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据，空气中的二氧化碳含量从百万分之358跃升到近412。27年来增长了15%。

Emissions of heat-trapping carbon dioxide from fossil fuel and industry jumped from 6.06 billion metric tons of carbon in 1992 to 9.87 billion metric tons in 2017, according to the Global Carbon Project. That’s a 63 percent increase in 25 years.

根据全球碳计划，来自化石燃料和工业的热捕获二氧化碳的排放量从2017的60亿6000万吨碳跃升到2017吨的98亿7000万吨。25年来增长了63%。

The global average temperature rose a tad more than a degree Fahrenheit (0.57 degrees Celsius) in 27 years, according to NOAA.

据美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)称，全球平均气温27年来上升了一点多华氏度(0.57摄氏度)。

Since Jan. 1, 1993, there have been 212 weather disasters that cost the United States at least $1 billion each, when adjusted for inflation. In total, they cost $1.45 trillion and killed more than 10,000 people. That’s an average of 7.8 such disasters per year since 1993, compared with 3.2 per year from 1980 to 1992, according to NOAA.

自1993年1月1日以来，美国共发生212起气象灾害，经通胀因素调整后，每起灾害损失至少10亿美元。总共花费1.45万亿美元，造成1万多人死亡。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的数据，自1993年以来，每年平均发生7.8起此类灾害，而1980年至1992年，每年发生3.2起。

The US Climate Extremes Index has nearly doubled from 1992 to 2018, according to NOAA. The index takes into account far-from-normal temperatures, drought and overall dry spells, abnormal downpours.

根据NOAA的数据，美国极端气候指数从1992年到2018年几乎翻了一番。该指数考虑了远离正常温度、干旱和整体干旱期、异常暴雨的因素。

Nine of the 10 costliest hurricanes to hit the United States when adjusted for inflation have struck since late 1992. The other one, Andrew at No. 6, hit in August 1992, according to NOAA.

自1992年底以来，美国遭受的10次经通胀调整后成本最高的飓风中，有9次发生。据美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)称，另一辆是安德鲁，排名第6，于1992年8月上市。

The number of acres burned by wildfires in the United States has more than doubled from a five-year average of 3.3 million acres in 1992 to 7.6 million acres in 2018.

美国野火焚烧的英亩数从1992年的平均3.3百万英亩增加到2018年的760万英亩，翻了一番多。

The annual average extent of Arctic sea ice has shrunk from 4.7 million square miles (12.1 million square kilometers) in 1992 to 3.9 million square miles (10.1 million square kilometers) in 2019, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. That’s a 17 percent decrease.

国家冰雪数据中心的数据显示，北极海冰的年平均范围已从1992年的470万平方英里(1210万平方公里)缩小到2019年的390万平方英里(1010万平方公里)。减少了17%。

The Greenland ice sheet lost 5.2 trillion tons (4.7 trillion metric tons) of ice from 1993 to 2018, according to a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

根据《美国国家科学院院刊》的一项研究，从1993年到2018年，格陵兰冰盖损失了5.2万亿吨(4.7万亿公吨)的冰。

The Antarctic ice sheet lost 3 trillion tons (2.7 trillion metric tons) of ice from 1992 to 2017, according to a study in the journal Nature.

根据《自然》杂志的一项研究，南极冰盖从1992年到2017年损失了3万亿吨(2.7万亿公吨)的冰。

The global sea level has risen on average 2.9 millimeters a year since 1992. That’s a total of 78.3 millimeters, or 3.1 inches, according to NOAA.

自1992年以来，全球海平面平均每年上升2.9毫米。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据，一共是78.3毫米，也就是3.1英寸。