中国在不到两周的时间里从零开始建设了一个医疗中心

中国在不到两周的时间里从零开始建设了一个医疗中心

China says it's building two hospitals in under two weeks.
中国表示将在两周内建造两所医院。

The time frame doesn't seem to be an exaggeration. Ground was broken on the first facility on Jan. 24. and it's expected to be open for business on Feb. 3. with 1.000 beds for coronavirus patients.

这个时间框架似乎并不夸张。1月24日，第一个设施破土动工，预计2月3日投入使用，为感染冠状病毒的患者提供1000个床位。

But the term "hospital" may not be exactly on point.

但“医院”一词可能并不准确。

"I wouldn't call it a hospital. I would call it more of a triage and isolation facility," says Eric Toner, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.

“我不会叫它医院。我更愿意称它为一个分诊和隔离设施，”约翰霍普金斯健康安全中心的资深学者埃里克·托纳说。

Raymond Pan agrees. He's design principal at HMC Architects and designed Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University in China, which opened in 2018.

雷蒙德·潘表示同意。他是HMC建筑事务所的设计总监，并设计了中国南方医科大学顺德医院，该医院于2018年开业。

"An infection triage, treatment and recovery center — that's what I think it is," says Pan. The idea is to have "essentially a center for mass quarantine of patients." People who test positive for the new coronavirus will be held in private rooms and receive treatment until they recover and are no longer contagious.

潘说:“一个感染分诊、治疗和康复中心——我就是这么想的。”其想法是“建立一个大规模隔离病人的中心”。对新冠状病毒检测呈阳性的人将被关在私人房间里接受治疗，直到他们康复，不再具有传染性。

The two structures will consist largely of "prefabricated hospital components," says Pan. "Each bedroom is built off-site" with materials such as aluminum and steel, then brought to the site to "plug in and stack up." The exterior of the building will likely be plaster or metal, he believes.

潘说，这两个结构将主要由“预制医院部件”组成。每间卧室都是用铝、钢等材料在场外建造的，然后带到工地上“插上插头、堆放起来”。他认为，这座建筑的外部很可能是石膏或金属。

What's more impressive than the two-story aboveground building, says Pan, is creating the underground infrastructure to bring in water, electricity and an air supply. "That's not an easy feat."

潘说，比这个地上两层的建筑更令人印象深刻的是，它创造了地下基础设施来引入水、电和空气供应。“这不是一件容易的事。”

The Chinese have experience erecting these fast-track medical centers. A facility was built in about a week in Beijing in 2003 to house SARS patients.

中国人有建立这些快速医疗中心的经验。2003年，北京用了大约一周的时间建立了一个设施来安置非典患者。

The center has since been abandoned, says Pan, but reports in Chinese media say that it is being rehabbed for possible use by coronavirus patients.

潘说，这个中心后来被废弃了，但中国媒体报道说，它正在进行修复，以备冠状病毒患者使用。

The speed of construction is partly because of China's ability to mobilize resources. There are 4.000-plus workers on each site for the two facilities going up in Wuhan and hundreds of construction machines.

建设的速度部分是因为中国有能力调动资源。武汉在建的这两家工厂每个工地上都有4000多名工人和数百台建筑机械。

In theory, the U.S. could put up a medical center as fast as China can, Pan says — but in practice, no. "One of the reasons is that we have a tighter inspection process."

潘说，理论上，美国可以和中国一样快地建立一个医疗中心，但实际上却不行。“其中一个原因是我们有更严格的检查程序。”

But he's not worried that the new centers will be poorly constructed. "I think they are structurally sound," Pan says. But he does have concerns — about the environmental impact of rapidly installing the underground infrastructure and about whether "any type of chemicals in use for treatment percolate down to the earth below."

但他并不担心新中心的建设会很糟糕。“我认为它们在结构上是健全的，”潘说。但他也有自己的担忧——担心快速安装地下基础设施对环境的影响，以及“正在使用的任何化学物质是否会渗入地下”。

The two medical centers are "pretty close to residential areas," says Pan. "If I'm living next to one, I would be really concerned about those aspects."

潘说，这两个医疗中心“离居民区很近”。“如果我就住在这样的房子旁边，我真的会很担心这些方面。”