鸠山由纪夫能否保住大权尚面临考验

日本民主党党魁鸠山由纪夫（左）与民主党前党首小泽一郎

现年62岁的日本民主党党魁鸠山由纪夫(Yukio Hatoyama)预计将于周三新一届国会召开时正式就任日本首相。

Yukio Hatoyama, the 62-year-old president of the Democratic Party of Japan, is expected to be formally installed Wednesday as prime minister when the new parliament convenes.

他现在的首要挑战是，消除党内以及与合作伙伴之间的意见分歧，以便能实现他竞选时的承诺，这些承诺帮助日本民主党以压倒性优势赢得大选。

His primary challenge now will be to smooth over varying views within his party and its partners, so he can follow through on the pledges that gave helped the DPJ win in a landslide.

鸠山由纪夫要面临的第一轮考验就是日本民主党推行其立法议程。在将掌控日本政局数十年的自民党(Liberal Democratic Party)拉下马的大选中，日本民主党承诺要缩减官僚机构、为有孩子的家庭提供财务资助，还要重新考虑与美国的军事联系。

Mr. Hatoyama's first tests will come as the DPJ pushes its legislative agenda. During the campaign that pushed out the Liberal Democratic Party, which has dominated Japanese politics for decades, the DPJ pledged to shrink the bureaucracy, give a financial boost to families with children, and reconsider security ties with the U.S.

但新一届政府还面临诸多潜在问题，必须要控制住这些问题才能熬过上台后的头一年继续掌权。这个成立11年的政党集合了政治信仰各异的许多议员，而且依靠两个执政伙伴政党才得以保住上议院多数席位，这两个友党的观点不像日本民主党那样温和。

But the new administration sits on potential problems that it must keep under control to stay firmly in power beyond its first year. The 11-year-old party is a hodgepodge of lawmakers with diverse political beliefs, and relies on two small coalition partners with less moderate views to maintain a majority in the upper house of parliament.

华盛顿智库战略与国际问题研究中心(Center for Strategic and International Studies)资深顾问格林(Michael Green)举例说，如果日本民主党不能管理好党内以及与执政联盟友党的分歧，处理与美国的关系就会是个难题。

Managing relations with the U.S., for example, will be difficult, 'if they can't manage the differences within the party or with the [coalition partners],' said Michael Green, senior adviser and Japan chair at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington think tank.

明年7月的上议院选举将会衡量这一点。如果日本民主党在选举中获胜，就能扩大多数席位，从而也就不需要执政联盟友党了。而如果选举失利，就会导致不稳定性。

A measure of that will come in July, with upper-house elections. Success for the DPJ could translate into a larger majority that diminishes the need for coalition partners. A loss could bring instability.

本周二，鸠山由纪夫选择执政联盟友党国民新党(People's New Party)党魁龟井静香(Shizuka Kamei)为金融特任大臣，负责金融业监管和邮政私有化，对银行业和日本庞大的邮政系统进行监管。

On Tuesday, Mr. Hatoyama chose Shizuka Kamei, the head of coalition partner People's New Party, as minister in charge of financial services and postal privatization, which oversees banking and the country's sprawling postal system.

鸠山由纪夫周二表示，将于周三宣布其他内阁任命。他已经提出了外相人选，并将组建一个新的办事处，负责处理预算问题。

Mr. Hatoyama said Tuesday that other cabinet appointees would be disclosed Wednesday. He has already named his choices to become foreign minister and to run a new office charged with getting a greater handle on budgetary issues.

日本民主党在8月30日的大选中获得下议院480个席位中的308席。这令该党获得大幅领先，但下议院通过的政令还需获得上议院批准。日本民主党在上议院占有席位最多，但需要与其他政党联盟才能使政令获得通过。为了使事态顺利，日本民主党上周与两个小政党组建执政联盟，这两个党在上议院已经与日本民主党携手。

The DPJ won 308 out of the 480 seats available in the lower house of parliament in the Aug. 30 elections. That gives it a comfortable margin but isn't enough to bypass approval from Japan's upper house. There, the DPJ is the largest party but needs a coalition to get things done. To smooth things over, the DPJ last week formed an alliance with the two smaller parties that already make up its coalition in the upper house.

已经有迹象表明，维持联盟可能需要平衡手段。日本民主党上周费了很大力气选择适当的用词来描述将如何调整驻日美军部署，以便让执政伙伴之一社会民主党接受。最终的措辞与日本民主党此前说法相似。

Already, there are some signs that keeping the group together could require a balancing act. The DPJ spent considerable energy last week trying to pick the right words to describe the coalition's policy on the realignment of U.S. forces stationed in Japan, so that it would be acceptable to the Social Democrats, one of the partners. The final language was similar to what the DPJ had previously proposed.

处理与官僚的关系会是另一个重大挑战。抑制官僚的影响力、将政策决定权掌控在政治家手中，这是日本民主党的一个主要目标。但日本民主党议员缺乏经验可能成为一个问题。该党308名下议院议员将近一半是政治新手。

Managing the relationship with bureaucrats will be another big challenge. Curbing the influence of bureaucrats, and putting policy in the hands of politicians, is a primary goal for the party. But the lack of experience among its lawmakers could become a problem. Nearly half of the party's 308 lower-house members are new in national politics.