哥本哈根协议可能不包括援助承诺

联合国(United Nations)已承认，在哥本哈根达成的气候变化协议，可能不包括为发展中国家提供资助的承诺。这将激怒较贫穷国家，还可能令一项基础广泛的协议泡汤。

The United Nations has conceded that a deal in Copenhagen on climate change might not include promised financial aid for developing countries, an admission that will infuriate poorer nations and potentially scupper a broad-based agreement.

联合国秘书长潘基文(Ban Ki-moon)在接受英国《金融时报》采访时表示，没有发达国家向较贫穷国家提供长期资助以对抗全球变暖的坚定承诺，各国照样可以在哥本哈根签署协议。“我们可以到明年再开始讨论这个问题，”潘基文表示。发展中国家一直坚决主张，在哥本哈根达成的任何协议，都必须包括到2020年它们将每年获得至少1000亿美元资金的保证。

Ban Ki-moon, secretary- general of the UN, told the Financial Times in an interview that countries could sign a deal at Copenhagen without a firm commitment from developed nations on long-term financing for poorer countries to combat global warming. “We can start next year discussing this matter,” Mr Ban said. Developing countries have long insisted that any Copenhagen deal must include assurances that they would receive finance flows of at least 0bn a year by 2020.

“我不肯定[我们可以达成一个长期资助的数目]……我不认为这个具体数目是哥本哈根协议的全部意义所在。重要议题有很多，”他表示。“如果这次他们无法在哥本哈根达成共识，那么有必要达成 [资金方面的]某种初步安排。”

“I'm not quite sure [we can get a long-term financing number] . . . I don't think the exact number itself should be all of this Copenhagen deal. There are many important issues,” he said. “If they are not able to agree this time at Copenhagen, then there needs to be some initial arrangement [on financing].”

潘基文是在130多位国家领导人中的大部分预计将抵达哥本哈根的前夕做出上述表示的。他的言论可能导致谈判进一步受挫，而目前仅剩3天时间达成协议。但他敦促穷国无论如何也要签署协议。“为了共同利益，所有国家都应参与进来，”他表示。

Coming on the eve of the arrival of most of the expected 130-odd national leaders in Copenhagen, Mr Ban's comments may trigger further disruptions in negotiations, with only three days left to conclude an agreement. But Mr Ban urged poor countries to sign a deal in any case. “For the common good, all countries should participate,” he said.

“这是一个常识、妥协与合作应当占上风的时刻。”

“This is a time when common sense, compromise and partnership should prevail.”

与此同时，他谈到了未来3年向发展中国家每年提供100亿美元“快速启动”资金的讨论。他表示，这些资金在操作层面可以让穷国立即动用，“这是个好的开始。”

In the meantime, he pointed to the discussions of “fast start” financing of bn a year for the next three years for developing countries. That should become available to poor countries with “immediate operational effect”, he said. “That is a good start.”

富国对穷国的资助，一直被视为在哥本哈根达成协议的四个根本要素之一。但潘基文重新调整了这种预期：“四大要素之一是资金支持，而不仅仅是长期[资助]。”

Financial assistance from the rich to the poor world has long been regarded as one of the four elements essential for a deal at Copenhagen. However, Mr Ban recalibrated that expectation: “One of the four elements was financial support, not just long- term [financing].”

对于多数穷国来说，“快速启动”资金仅构成它们所要求援助的一小部分。

For most poor countries, the “fast start” financing is only a minor part of the assistance they have been demanding.

少数发展中国家正在妨碍谈判进程，它们在最后一刻要求改动协议草案，并呼吁采取其它多数国家无法接受的更强硬立场。谈判的核心目标是，按照科学建议，把升温幅度控制在高于所谓的工业化前水平不超过2摄氏度。但一些国家目前要求，达成把全球升温幅度控制在不超过1摄氏度的协议。多数国家认为，这一目标不可能实现。

A small group of developing countries has been obstructing the talks, by introducing last-minute changes to draft texts of an agreement and calling for harder positions than most other countries are prepared to take. The core aim of the talks has been to limit warming to no more than 2 degrees celsius above so-called pre-industrial levels, in line with scientific advice. But some nations have now called for an agreement that would limit global temperature rises to no more than 1 degree, which most regard as impossible.