哥本哈根局势日益升级

世界领导人周三在哥本哈根气候变化会议上汇聚。与此同时，丹麦警察与示威者发生冲突。随着周五这个达成协议的最后期限逐渐临近，紧张局势日益升级。

World leaders gathered at the Copenhagen climate conference on Wednesday as police clashed with demonstrators amid mounting tensions ahead of Friday's deadline for reaching a deal.

联合国官员们表示希望，逾110名政府首脑汇聚一堂，将打破富国与穷国在分担对抗全球变暖负担问题上的僵局。

United Nations officials voiced hope that the influx of more than 110 heads of government would break the deadlock between rich and poor countries over how the burden of fighting global warming should be shared.

但是，人们并不清楚转向高层谈判将会推动还是阻碍整个进程。委内瑞拉总统乌戈·查韦斯(Hugo Chavez)向大会发表了典型的生硬演讲，把气候变化与资本主义联系起来，还抨击整个谈判是“不民主的”。

But it was far from clear whether the shift to more high-level talks would help or hinder the process as Hugo Chávez, the Venezuelan president, addressed the conference with a typically abrasive speech linking climate change to capitalism and denouncing the talks as “undemocratic”.

“让我们改变制度，然后我们将开始拯救气候，”他表示。“社会主义是拯救这个世界的途径，而资本主义是通向地狱的道路。”他还说：“如果气候是一家银行，富国政府早就出手救助了”。此话引发了一些与会者鼓掌喝彩。

Let's change the system, then we will begin to save the climate,” he said. “Socialism is the way to save this world and capitalism is the road to hell.” He drew applause from some delegates by claiming that “if the climate was a bank, the rich governments would already have saved it”.

与此呼应的是，玻利维亚总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯(Evo Morales)敦促富国支付气候变化赔款，并提议建立一个国际气候法院，以起诉犯下气候“罪行”的国家。

In a similar vein, Evo Morales, Bolivia's president, urged rich countries to pay climate change reparations and proposed an international climate court of justice to prosecute countries for climate ”crimes”.

“我们的目标是拯救人类，而不是一半人类。我们到这里来是为了拯救地球母亲。我们的目标是把气候变化幅度减至（不到）1摄氏度。（超过这个幅度的话）很多岛屿将消失，非洲将遭受浩劫，”他表示。

Our objective is to save humanity and not just half of humanity. We are here to save mother earth. Our objective is to reduce climate change to [under] 1°C . [Above this] many islands will disappear and Africa will suffer a holocaust,” he said.

英国首相戈登·布朗(Gordon Brown)和澳大利亚总理陆克文(Kevin Rudd)是两位提前抵达哥本哈根的领导人。多数领导人将在今后两天抵达。

Gordon Brown of the UK and Kevin Rudd of Australia were among leaders to arrive early before the main influx over the next two days.

会场外的紧张局势不断升级，丹麦警察逮捕了数以百计的抗议者，并使用催泪瓦斯迫使成千上万抗议者后退，这些抗议者企图冲进会场，呼吁对全球变暖采取力度更大的行动。

Tensions were rising outside the conference centre as Danish police arrested hundreds of protesters and used tear gas to force back thousands more trying to stage a march to the convention centre to call for tougher action against global warming.

丹麦首相拉尔斯·勒克·拉斯穆森(Lars Loekke Rasmussen)此前接替了一位级别较低的丹麦大臣，担任大会主席。这个信号表明，谈判将进入更关键阶段。

Denmark's prime minister had earlier signalled the shift to a more high-stakes phase of negotiations by taking over as chairman of the conference from a more junior Danish minister.

官员们坚称，任命拉斯穆森为大会主席的决定是一个“计划好的程序性步骤”，而主持前九天谈判的丹麦气候专家康妮·赫泽高(Connie Hedegaard)仍将积极参与。

Officials insisted the decision to appoint Lars Loekke Rasmussen, prime minister, as conference president was a “planned procedural move” and that Connie Hedegaard, the Danish climate specialist who led the first nine days of talks, would remain heavily involved.

但这一交接加强了外界的观感，即谈判迄今进展不佳，发达国家与发展中国家在缩小减排和资助方面的分歧上几乎毫无进展。

But the handover reinforced the perception that talks have not been going well, with little progress made towards narrowing differences between developed and developing countries over emissions cuts and financing.

联合国秘书长潘基文(Ban Ki-moon)周二对英国《金融时报》表示，本周也许不可能满足发展中国家的一个关键要求，即为对抗全球变暖的措施达成长期资助协议。

Ban Ki-moon, UN secretary-general, told the Financial Times on Tuesday that it might not be possible to reach a deal this week on long-term financing for measures to combat global warming – a key demand of developing countries.

“在这么多国家及政府首脑前来发表声明的情况下，由丹麦首相主持大会是合适的，”赫泽高在一份声明中表示。她同时强调，她将作为拉斯穆森的特别代表，继续推动各方达成协议。

“With so many heads of state and governments arriving to give their statements, it is appropriate that the Danish prime minister presides,” Ms Hedegaard said in a statement, while stressing she would continue to help craft a deal as Mr Rasmussen's special representative.

“最后阶段的谈判将是紧张而艰苦的，”拉斯穆森表示。“因此，我已请康妮·赫泽高大臣与她的同事们继续谈判哥本哈根大会的最终协议。”

“The final negotiations will be tense and strenuous,” said Mr Rasmussen. “I have therefore asked minister Connie Hedegaard to continue to negotiate the Copenhagen outcome with her colleagues.