双语诗歌翻译|《道德经》

本章大意：自然的规律，不是很像张弓射箭吗？弦拉高了就把它压低一些，低了就把它举高一些，拉得过满了就把它放松一些，拉得不足了就把它补充一些。自然的规律，是减少有余的补给不足的。可是社会的法则却不是这样，要减少不足的，来奉献给有余的人。那么，谁能够减少有余的，以补给天下人的不足呢？只有有道的人才可以做到。因此，有道的圣人这才有所作为而不占有，有所成就而不居功。他是不愿意显示自己的贤能。

《道德经》（第七十七章）

天之道，

其犹张弓与？

高者抑之，

下者举之。

有余者损之，

不足者补之。

天之道，

损有余而补不足。

人之道则不然，

损不足以奉有余。

孰能有余以奉天下？

唯有道者。

是以圣人为而不恃，

功成而不处。

其不欲见贤。

Chapter 77

The Way of heaven is like the bending of a bow -

the upper part is pressed down,

the lower part is raised up,

the part that has too much is reduced,

the part that has too little is increased.

Therefore,

The Way of heaven

reduces surplus to make up for scarcity;

The Way of man

reduces scarcity and pays tribute to surplus.

Who is there that can have a surplus and take from it to pay tribute to heaven?

Surely only one who has the Way!

For this reason,

The sage

acts but does not possess,

completes his work but does not dwell on it.

In this fashion,

he has no desire to display his worth.

（Victor H. Mair 译）

Chapter 77

May not the Way (or Tao) of Heaven be compared to the (method of) bending a bow? The (part of the bow) which was high is brought low, and what was low is raised up. (So Heaven) diminishes where there is superabundance, and supplements where there is deficiency.

It is the Way of Heaven to diminish superabundance, and to supplement deficiency. It is not so with the way of man. He takes away from those who have not enough to add to his own superabundance.

Who can take his own superabundance and therewith serve all under heaven? Only he who is in possession of the Tao!

Therefore the (ruling) sage acts without claiming the results as his; he achieves his merit and does not rest (arrogantly) in it:--he does not wish to display his superiority.

（James Legge 译）

Chapter 77

The “way” of Heaven

is similar to pulling a bow [for shooting at a target], isn’t it?

Aim it lower if it is too high;

aim it higher if it is too low;

reduce the strength if it is too full;

increase the strength if it is not full enough.

The “way” of Heaven

Reduces the surplus, and uses it to add to the insufficient.

However, the “way” of humanity is not like this.

People intentionally reduce the insufficient and add it to the surplus.

Who is able to support the whole country with surplus?

It is only the person with “Dao”.

Therefore, the “sage”

causes things to happen but never feels it is enough;

succeeds but never takes the credit for himself;

and never wants to show off his own skills.

（任远 译）