六级阅读填空习题 Passage 2
- 阅读原文
- 答案解析
Two astronauts face a not-so-merry Christmas after being told to ration their food and hope a cargo ship with extra supplies docks on Dec. 21. The crew aboard the International Space Station (ISS) only has enough supplies to last a month and must wait until the day after Western Christmas for a Russian cargo ship to deliver new supplies, space officials said on Friday.
Russian cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov and American Leroy Chiao have been asked to cut out calories equal to three cans of Coke from their daily diet—around 10 percent of their daily allowance and an amount that would be little noticed, NASA said.
Russian officials, quoted in the local media, have accused the previous crew of overeating during their one-month mission earlier this year, leaving a deficit of meat and milk and a surplus of juice and confectionery（糖果）.
The Dec. 24 launch of the next Progress is now vital for the crew, stationed in orbit since October. It is due to dock with the ISS on Dec. 21.
NASA officials said their situation was not so different from being cut off on Earth, and their lives were not at risk.
“If you get snowed in, you're going to make do,” said Jim Newman, director of NASA's Human Space Flight Program in Russia, who said the shortage pointed to the need for a better food inventory system rather than greedy astronauts.
“If it launches as planned, they will have a very nice holiday season,” he added.
If they do not receive fresh supplies, the astronauts would have to evacuate the station and return to Earth on the Soyuz capsule that is docked there.
“If the Progress is unable to arrive, there is a plan we can put into place for an orderly and safe return,” said Newman.
Russia has been the sole lifeline to the ISS for almost two years when the United States grounded its shuttle fleet after the fatal Columbia accident.
Russia has often complained of its financial struggle to keep the ISS fully serviced single-handedly. Shuttle flights could resume in May, officials have said, but in the meantime Russia will continue to launch all manned and cargo ships.
1. Cosmonauts aboard the International Space Station were told to _____ to last a month.
2. According to Russian officials, a deficit of meat and milk was due to _____.
3. Jim Newman pointed out that the shortage of food supply should be attributed to _____.
4. What would the astronauts do if they do not receive fresh supplies?
5. What has Russia usually complained of in terms of keeping the ISS fully serviced?
文章精要：
文章讲述了国际空间站上宇航员所面临的困难，尤其是食物短缺的问题。文章指出造成这些问题的原因是之前的宇航员吃得太多，同时指出解决这一问题的最好方法是建立良好的食物存货系统。
答案解析：
1. ration their food
细节题。文章第一段提到两名宇航员将要度过一个不怎么愉快的圣诞节，因为他们被告知要定量分配食物，以便在新的食物供给到来之前能维持一个月的生活所需。本题答案为ration their food“定量配发食物”。
2. overeating of the previous crew
细节题。第三段提到Russian officials...have accused the previous crew of overeating...，因此可知原因在于之前的宇航员吃得太多，从而导致食物短缺。
考点归纳
● crew意为“全体船员，全体机务人员”，如：a spacecraft that was crewed by a team of eight people 一艘包括八个飞行人员的飞船。
● staff意为“全体雇员，为特定的企事业工作的人员”，如：the nursing staff of a hospital 医院的护士。
3. the (bad) food inventory system
细节题。文章第六段提到...who said the shortage pointed to the need for a better food inventory system...，即Jim Newman认为食物短缺的原因在于缺乏更好的食物存货系统。所以可填入the (bad) food inventory system。
4. They would have to evacuate the station and return to Earth.
细节题。文章第八段提到the astronauts would have to evacuate the station and return to Earth...，也就是说如果没有收到新鲜的食物供给，宇航员们不得不撤出太空站并返回地球。
5. Its financial struggle.
细节题。文章在最后一段提到，在谈到国际空间站的维护问题上，俄罗斯经常抱怨其财政危机，即its financial struggle。
