心脏不好?该去健身房了

心脏不好?该去健身房了

Rick Murphy, a real estate appraiser in Atlanta, had no idea he had a bad heart.

亚特兰大的房地产估价师里克墨菲(Rick Murphy)并不知道自己的心脏不好。

When Murphy turned 50, he decided it was time to get in shape. It wasn't long before he progressed from running races to an Ironman triathlon.

当墨菲50岁时，他决定是时候健身了。没过多久，他就从赛跑发展成了铁人三项。

A fellow triathlete recommended he get checked out by a sports cardiologist, so he went to see Dr. Jonathan Kim at Emory Healthcare in July 2015.

一位铁人三项运动员的同事建议他去看一位运动心脏病专家，于是他在2015年7月去埃默里医疗中心(Emory Healthcare)看了乔纳森·金(Jonathan Kim)医生。

"The next thing you know, Dr. Kim is saying, 'I think we need to do a heart catheterization on you.' "

“接下来，金医生说，‘我觉得我们需要给你做心导管插入术。’”

One of the heart's main arteries was over 95% blocked. Murphy was in the operating room within a few days.

超过95%的心脏主动脉被阻塞。几天之内墨菲就进了手术室。

"I was obviously surprised," said Kim. "He could've been that unfortunate terrible story ."

“我显然很惊讶，”金说。“他可能就是那个不幸而可怕的故事。”

Let's get physical

让我们进行身体锻炼

The idea that exercise can help hearts recover is a relatively modern one.

运动可以帮助心脏恢复的观点是一个相对现代的观点。

Until the 1950s, doctors often told cardiac patients to avoid any physical activity at all. In 1952, the recommendation that heart attack patients get out of the hospital bed and into an armchair was seen as controversial. It wasn't until the late '50s that exercise guidelines emerged for these patients.

直到20世纪50年代，医生经常告诉心脏病患者要完全避免任何身体活动。1952年，心脏病患者从医院病床上起来，坐到扶手椅上的建议被认为是有争议的。直到50年代末，针对这些病人的运动指南才出现。

Nowadays, aerobic exercise is seen as a key to recovery, said Kim, who runs an exercise physiology lab.

现在，有氧运动被认为是恢复的关键，Kim说，他经营着一个运动生理学实验室。

"One of the tenets of what we do is that exercise is medicine," he said.

他说:“我们的原则之一是，运动是一种药物。”

Aerobic exercises like swimming, jogging and cycling raise the heart rate. Over time, the heart becomes more efficient, allowing it to pump more blood with less effort. Exercise can also reverse some of the effects of heart disease, like the narrowing of arteries.

游泳、慢跑和骑车等有氧运动可以提高心率。随着时间的推移，心脏变得更有效率，让它用更少的努力泵出更多的血液。运动还可以逆转心脏病的一些影响，比如动脉狭窄。

A comeback workout

来回的锻炼

In recent years, doctors have continued to push the limits of what they thought cardiac patients could do, opting for high-intensity interval training over more moderate exercise, said Ray Squires, program director of cardiac health and rehabilitation at Mayo Clinic.

梅奥诊所(Mayo Clinic)心脏健康与康复项目主任斯奎尔斯(Ray Squires)说，近年来，医生们继续挑战他们认为心脏病患者所能做的极限，选择高强度间歇训练，而不是更适度的锻炼。

During high-intensity interval training, or HIIT, people push themselves for brief intervals -- from 30 seconds to a few minutes -- followed by a longer periods of lower-intensity exercise.

在高强度间歇训练(HIIT)中，人们强迫自己进行短暂的间歇运动——从30秒到几分钟——然后进行较长时间的低强度运动。

In 2009, Mayo Clinic began recommending HIIT to people who had been diagnosed with heart attack or heart failure.

2009年，梅奥诊所开始向被诊断为心脏病发作或心力衰竭的患者推荐HIIT。

"I don't know if there was anybody else doing it in the United States" at the time, Squires said.

斯奎尔斯说:“我不知道当时是否还有其他人在美国这么做。”

At Mayo, Squires and his team only initiate HIIT once their patients can do 20 minutes of moderate exercise, which may include brisk walking or even mowing the lawn.

在梅奥诊所，斯奎尔斯和他的团队只有在病人能够进行20分钟的适度运动(包括快步走甚至修剪草坪)后，才会启动HIIT。

"The benefits of exercise are as tried and true as anything we know about," Kim said, "whether you have the technology or not."

“锻炼的好处是我们所知道的最可靠和真实的，”金说，“无论你是否拥有这项技术。”