鸡不只会传播疾病，还会啄死你

On the heels of a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) about backyard chickens spreading illness to people in 49 states comes a harrowing tale about a woman who was killed by a rooster that delivered a lethal strike to a varicose vein in her leg.

美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)发布了一份关于49个州后院养鸡传播疾病的报告之后，紧随其后的是一个令人痛心的故事:一名妇女被一只公鸡咬死，这只公鸡致命地击中了她腿上的静脉曲张。

According to the report, which was published in the journal Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, the 76-year-old had been collecting eggs at her home in Australia when the aggressive rooster attacked her lower left leg. The woman collapsed, with an autopsy later revealing two small lacerations on her leg, including one on a varicose vein, LiveScience reported.

这篇发表在《法医学、医学和病理学》杂志上的报道称，这名76岁的老妇人在澳大利亚的家中收集鸡蛋时，一只凶猛的公鸡袭击了她的左腿下部。据《生活科学》报道，这名女子随之倒下，尸检发现她的腿上有两个小伤口，其中一个是静脉曲张。

Her cause of death was listed as exsanguination, which is a severe loss of blood, caused by the rooster’s aggressive pecking. The attack is considered “rare” by the report’s authors, with one telling LiveScience that it “demonstrates that even relatively small domestic animals may be able to inflict lethal injuries in individuals if there are specific vascular vulnerabilities present.”

她的死因被列为失血过多，这是一种严重的失血，由公鸡的攻击性啄伤造成。报告作者认为这次袭击是“罕见的”，其中一位作者告诉《生活科学》杂志，这次袭击“表明，如果存在特定的血管脆弱性，即使是相对较小的家畜，也可能对个人造成致命伤害”。

Any superficial vein may become vericosed, which means twisted and enlarged, but they are most commonly found in the legs. According to the MayoClinic, they are most often a cosmetic concern, but in some cases they can lead to more serious issues. They are typically caused by damaged or weakened valves, but there are several risk factors that may be at play including age, sex, pregnancy, family history, obesity, or sitting or standing for long periods of time.

任何浅表静脉都可能变得扭曲，意味着静脉曲张，常见于腿部。根据市长诊所的说法，静脉曲张通常只是美观问题，但在某些情况下，它们会导致更严重的问题。静脉曲张通常由受损或减弱的瓣膜引起，但也有一些危险因素可能在起作用，比如年龄、性别、怀孕、家族史、肥胖、久坐或久站。

Patients most often only experience visible symptoms such as dark purple or blue veins, or veins that appear twisted or bulged. But some patients can experience an achy or heavy feeling in the legs, burning, throbbing, cramping or worsened pain after sitting or standing for a long time. Patients may also experience itching or skin discoloration. Complications tied to varicose veins may occur, which, according to the Mayo Clinic, may include ulcers, blood clots or bleeding.

患者通常只是出现明显的症状，如深紫色或蓝色静脉，或静脉出现扭曲或肿胀。但有些病人在久坐或久站后，会感到腿部疼痛或沉重，有灼烧感、搏动感、抽筋感或疼痛加剧。患者也可能会出现瘙痒或皮肤变色。据梅奥诊所说，与静脉曲张相关的并发症可能包括溃疡、血栓或出血。

Physicians may recommend exercise, leg elevation or wearing a compression stocking to help ease the pain or prevent varicose veins from worsening. The report’s authors also noted that the woman had several other underlying health issues including high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.

医生通常会建议运动、抬腿或穿紧身袜来减轻疼痛或防止静脉曲张恶化。报告的作者还指出，这名妇女还有其他一些潜在的健康问题，包括高血压和2型糖尿病。