男性和女性对感冒的反应有哪些不同？

Women have suspected it for years and finally,they have proof:when it comes to illness,scientists say men really are wimps.According to research,the working man is much more likely to succumb to a cold than his female colleague when the pressure's on.Under stress,a woman with the sniffles carries on regardless with a stoical response.But across her office there'll be a man with the same stress and a cold he's over-rated moaning to everyone about his terrible man flu.

多年来女性一直怀疑，最后，她们有证据证明:科学家们指出，当涉足到疾病，男性确实是懦夫。据研究，与女性同事相对比，男性面对压力更容易患上感冒。在压力下，一个鼻塞的女性会不顾一切地继续"坚忍的反应"，但是，在她的办公室内就会有承受同样压力的男人，他会放大他的病情，对每个人抱怨他严重的流感。

For their study,the scientists questioned manual workers from 40 companies about their level of work stress.Six months later,the workers were asked if they had had a cold in the preceding four months.Men who were under stress and felt that they did not have control over their job were 74 per cent more likely to report suffering from a cold.One explanation could be that males were significantly more likely to overrate common cold symptoms than females,the research team from Ajou University School of Medicine,South Korea,said.Therefore any association between work-related stress and the common cold may be accentuated in males by their reaction to experiencing a cold and attenuated in females by their more stoical response.

在他们的研究中，科学家对物个公司的职员进行了调查，有关于他们的工作压力。半年后，员工被问到他们是否在之前的四个月内感冒过。承受压力并且感觉他们没有控制自己的工作的男性，他们中的74%更愿意声称患了感冒。亚洲大学医学院，韩国研究小组称，一种解释可能是男性比女性对感冒症状更敏感。因此，与工作有关的压力和普通感冒之间的任何关联，都可能因为他们对感冒的反应而被强调。而女性的坚忍会弱化他们。

Dr.John Hobson,editor of the scientific journal Occupational Medicine,which published the findings today,explained this was evidence that man flu really is a problem."Therefore any association between work-related stress and the common cold may be accentuated in males by their reaction to experiencing a cold and attenuated in females by their more stoical response."We know that men and women report colds differently and this study is very interesting because it suggests they react differently at work.Catching the common cold is the biggest cause of a short bout of work-related sickness absence in the UK.The study indicates that men with colds,or man flu if you like,may be under work-related stress,which is something that an employer or manager may be able to do something about.

今天职业医学科学杂志发表了这项研究。编辑约翰·霍森博士称这个证明表示男性流感确实是一个问题。我们知道，男性和女性对感冒的反应不同，这项研究非常有趣，因为它表明了员工在工作中不同的反应。目前在英国，患普通感冒是与工作相关疾病短暂发作的最大原因。研究表明，男性患感冒或流感，可能是与承受工作压力有关，这样老板和经理应该对此作出解决办法。

A recent survey suggested that flu and other minor ailments accounted for 84 per cent of the days off in the UK.The recession has put many jobs are under threat which could push up short-term sickness at the very least,he said.Stress and depression are the biggest cause for longer-term absence in the UK with one in four employees experiencing problems.This is not just distressing for patient,but can also make them less productive at work and is responsible for high rates of sick leave,accidents and staff turnover,he added.Dr.Olivia Carlton,president of the Society of Occupational Medicine said the findings were a wake-up call for employers.

最近的一项调查显示，在英国，流感和其他小病占请假的84%。他说，经济衰退已经使很多就业机会受到威胁，至少这可能增加短期疾病。在英国，有四分之一的员工有压力和抑郁，这是长期病假的重要原因。他补充道，这不仅是病人的痛苦，这也使他们的工作效率较低，也是大量病假、事故和人员流动的原因。

Stress of any kind may affect your immune system and be a potential risk factor for the common cold and other illnesses.However the real issue here is that managers in the workplace need to understand how to identify employees who are experiencing stress and help those who areaffected,she added.

职业医学学会主席表奥利维亚·卡尔顿博士称，研究结果为雇主敲响了警钟。对任何形式的压力都可能影响你的免疫系统，是普通感冒和其他疾病的潜在危险因素。她说，但是真正的问题是，在工作中的管理者需要知道怎样辨别员工是否正在负担巨大压力，并且帮助那些员工摆脱困境。