卡耐基演讲·5.展示讲演的内容，使其视觉化

心理学家告诉我们，百分之八十五以上的知识，是由视觉印象被我们所接收的。这无疑说明了，电视之所以成为广告与娱乐的媒介，而且收效甚好的原因。当众讲话也是一样，是一种听觉艺术，也是一种视觉艺术。Psychologists tell us that more than eighty-five per cent of our knowledge comes to us through visual impressions. No doubt this accounts for the enormous effectiveness of television as an advertising as well as entertainment medium. Public speaking, too, is a visual as well as auditory art.

使用细节来丰富讲演，最好的方法是在其中加入视觉展示。也许你花费数小时只为了告诉我如何挥动高尔夫球杆，而我却可能感到厌烦了。可是，你若站起来表演把球击下球道时该怎么做，我就会全神贯注地倾听了。同样，你若以手臂和肩膀来描绘收音机飘移不定的情形，我肯定会更关注你讲的鬼故事。One of the best ways to enrich a talk with detail is to incorporate visual demonstration into it. You might spend hours just telling me how to swing a golf club, and I might be bored by it. But get up and show me what you do when you drive a ball down the fairway and I am all eyes and ears. Likewise, if you describe the erratic maneuvers of an airplane with your arms and shoulders, I am more intent on the outcome of your brush with death.

我记得一个由工业界人士组成的班级里有一场讲演，这里面展现的视觉细节真是难得的杰作。讲演者模仿视察员和效率专家们检查损坏的机器时做的手势与滑稽动作，这比我在电视上所看过的一切都热闹生动多了。这些视觉细节，使我们对那场讲演很难忘记——至少我是再怎么也忘不了的，我也相信，其他的学员至今一定都还会谈论到它。I remember a talk given in an industrial class that was a masterpiece of visual detail. The speaker was poking good-natured fun at inspectors and efficiency experts. His mimicry of the gestures and bodily antics of these gentlemen as they inspected a broken-down machine was more hilarious than anything I have ever seen on television. What is more, visual detail made that talk memorable - I for one shall never forget it, and I am sure the other members of that class are still talking about it.

这是一个好主意，问问你自己：“我怎样才能把一些视觉细节融入到我的讲话中？”然后继续向大家展示，因为，正如中国古人所观察到的，一张画抵得上一万个字。It is a good idea to ask yourself," How can I put some visual detail into my talk?" Then proceed to demonstrate, for, as the ancient Chinese observed, one picture is worth ten thousand words.