导游必看：佛教用语中英对照（上）

A

abbot's quarters 丈室 *

the Abhidharma-kosa-Shastra 《俱舍论》

Abhidharma Pitika 论藏

the Abstract of Abhidharma-kosa-Shastra 《俱舍大要》

the Abstract of the Awesome Deportments of Ten Shramanera Precepts 《沙弥十戒威仪录要》

the Accomplishment Buddha 成就佛 *

accordingly rejoice 随喜 *

acharya 阿阇梨 *

affinities 因缘 * (with emphasis on good relationships)

aid 加持 *

the Akshobhya Buddha 阿閦佛 *

Alaya-Consciousness 阿赖耶识 = Storehouse Consciousness 藏识 *

the Agama Sutra 《阿含经》

All living beings have the Buddha-nature; all can become Buddhas. 一切众生，皆有佛性，皆堪作佛。*

almsgiver / giving host 施主 *

an amala fruit 庵摩罗果 *

the Amitabha Sutra 《阿弥陀经》 the Buddha Speaks the Amitabha Sutra 《佛说阿弥陀经》*

annihilated 断灭 *

anoint the crown of the head, empowerment or initiation 灌顶 *

analogy 譬喻 *

the Anuttarayoga Tantra 无上瑜伽部

the Anuttarayoga Great-awesome-virtues (Yamantaka) Honored One 无上部大威德一尊

aranya 阿练若 *

arisal of conditions 缘起 *

Ashvajit 马胜 *

the Attained Great Strength (Mahasthamaprapta) 得大势 *

attain to wisdom 开智慧 *

attendant 侍者 *

attract 摄

Auspicious Vinaya Monastery 吉祥律院

Avichi Hells 阿鼻地狱 *

awesome deportment 威仪 *

B

blessing / blessedness 福 (It depends on where to use.)

the bliss of Dhyana 禅悦 *

(bring forth) Bodhi resolve, Bodhi-mind, Bodhichitta/Bodhicitta or resolve for enlightenment (发)菩提心 *

Bodhimanda 道场 = Way-place *

body produced by intent 意生身 *

bow (to the feet of) 顶礼 *

bow repentances 拜忏 *

the Brahma Net Sutra 《梵网经》*

Bright-eyed Advisors 明眼善知识 *

the Brilliant Mantra of Six Words 六字大明咒 *

bubbling spring 涌泉 *

the Buddha of Immeasurable Life 无量寿佛 *

the Buddha's Universal Great Means Expansive Flower Adornment Sutra 《大方广佛华严经》*

the Buddha-spoken Ullambana Sutra《佛说盂兰盆经》*

Buddhist Association 佛协

Buddhist Canon = Tripitaka 三藏 *

C

calligraphy 书法 *

carry on the single pulse of the patriarchs' mind-transmission 推行祖师一脉心传

cast out the false and retain the true 去伪存真 *

catch on fire and enter a demonic state 走火入魔 *

cause and effect 因果 *

causes and conditions 因缘 (with emphasis on the theory, eg. 12 causes and conditions) *

celestial eye 天眼 = heavenly eye *

chandana 旃檀 *

change birth and death 变易生死 *

the Chapter of Dhyana Meditation 《禅定品》

Stopping and Contemplation 止观

the Chapter of the Universal Door of Gwan Shr Yin Bodhisattva 《观世音菩萨普门品》*

the Chapter of the Universal Door 《普门品》 *

chef 大寮

clarified butter 醍醐 *

clasp 搭扣 *

climb on conditions / seize upon conditions 攀缘 *

compliantly rejoice 随喜 = accordingly rejoice *

conditioned dharmas 有为法 *

consciousness devoid of filth 无垢识 *

the Consciousness-only 唯识 *

contemplation method 观想法

Continuous Walking / Standing Buddha Samadhi 常行/般舟三昧 *

convert (a person) 度(人) *

corpse-guarding ghost 守尸鬼 *

couplet 对联 *

cross over (a person) 度(人) *

cultivation and certification 修证 *

cycle of rebirth 轮回 *

cymbals 钹

D

Dakini 空行母

Dana 檀那 *

Danapati 檀越 *

Deer-Wilds Park 鹿野苑 = Deer Park *

defiling objects 尘 *

delusion 惑 *

demon hordes 魔民 *

demon spotting mirror 照魔镜 *

Dependent Origination and the Emptiness of Nature 缘起性空

deviant pride 邪慢 *

deviant knowledge 邪见 *

Dharani 陀罗尼 *

Dharma Ending Age 末法 *

Dharma events 法事 *

Dharma is level and equal, with no high or low. 是法平等，无有高下。*

Dharma joy 法喜 *

Dharma assembly 法会 *

Dharma master 法师 *

Dharma Semblance Age 像法 *

Dhyana concentration / samadhi 禅定 *

diligent and vigorous 勤精进 *

direct karma 性业 vs contributing karma 遮业 *

Disseminate the Dharma 传法

division of seeing 见分 *

division of characteristics 相分 *

Don't do any evil, offer up all good conduct.

诸恶莫作，众善奉行。*

Dhuta practice 头陀行 *

dispel subtle delusions 除细惑 *

draw straws 抽签 *

E

the Earth Store Sutra 《地藏经》 *

efficacious / magical atmosphere 灵气 *

egocentrism 我执

eight virtues of filiality, fraternity, loyalty, trustworthiness, propriety, righteousness, incorruptibility, a sense of shame

八德：孝，悌，忠，信，仁，义，廉，耻

Eight Winds 八风 *

elder Dharma Master 老法师

eloquence of delight in speech 乐说辩才 *

Empowerment 灌顶 (It's widely used for “anointing head-crown”， it's said it's better than “initiation”。 However, it shall only mean “aid from gurus”。)

enlightenment of self, enlightenment of others, the perfection of enlightened practice 自觉、觉他、觉行圆满 *

erudition 多闻 *

essence, energy, spirit 精气神 *

essentials of the mind 心要 *

evil karma 恶业 *

evoke response 感报 *

exalted hero 大雄 *

executive 执事 *

exert oneself in ascetism 苦行 *

exploit conditions 攀缘 *

exploits of demons 魔事 *

external paths / externalist religions 外道 *

extinction 灭 *

F

fine comportment 威仪 *

fine mote of dust 微尘 *

five desires 五欲 *

five edible members of the allium family five pungent plants - onions, leeks, garlic, chives or shallots (scallions) 五辛 - 洋葱、韭、蒜、细香葱、大葱

five marks of decay 五衰相 *

Five Mysterious Meanings 五重玄义 *

five rebellious acts 五逆 *

five Skandhas 五蕴 *

Five-Syllable Mantra 五字真言 *

flattering and crooked mind 陷曲心 *

flesh-body Bodhisattva 肉身菩萨 *

the Flower Adornment Sutra 《华严经》*

Foremost truth 第一义谛 *

foul-mouthed 恶口 *

Four Additional Practices (Heat, Summit, Patience, Foremost in the World) 四加行 *

Four Applications of Mindfulness 四念处 *

Four-armed Gwan Yin (Avalokiteshvara) 四臂观音

Four Dharmas of Attraction 四摄法 *

Four Dhyanas and Eight Samadhis 四禅八定 *

Four Dhyana Heavens 四禅天 *

fourfold assembly 四众

four-stage Arahat 四果罗汉 *

freak-spotting mirror 照妖镜 *

(in) full-lotus posture 跏趺坐 *

Fundamental Honored One (often translated wrongly as “personal deity or tutelary deity”。 It's not a god!) 本尊

G

gather in all six organs 都摄六根 *

Gelukpa Order 格鲁派

Geshe 格西

gild image 装金 *

give rise to the Buddha's knowledge and vision 开佛知见 *

giving 布施 *

goblin 妖 *

gong 钟 *

good roots 善根 *

Good and Wise Advisor / Good Knowing Advisor 善知识 *

gossip 两舌 *

go to kitchen 过堂

grasping 取 (十二因缘) *

great affinities 大因缘 *

Great Brahma King 大梵天王 *

the Great Compassion Heart Dharani Sutra 《大悲心陀罗尼经》*

great exemplars in the Three Realms 弘范三界 *

great golden-winged peng bird 大鹏金翅鸟 *

Great Vehicle / Mahayana 大乘

great wholesome silence 大善寂力 *

the Greatly Wise Manjushri Bodhisattva 大智文殊师利菩萨 *

ground incense 末香 *

Guest Prefect 知客 *

guru 上师