全新英语语法·小学篇:二、There be的否定结构和疑问结构

二、There be的否定结构和疑问结构

（一）There be的否定结构

否定式结构：There be+not+主语+地点状语。（注：句中如果出现some则改成any）

There isn't a table in the kitchen.厨房里没有桌子。

There aren't five birds in the tree.树上没有五只鸟。

There aren't any bowls in the cupboard.柜子里没有碗。

There isn't a pair of trousers in the closet.衣柜里一条裤子都没有。

There isn't much yogurt in the refrigerator.冰箱里没有很多酸奶。

There isn't any milk in the bottle.瓶子里没有牛奶。

There is no milk in the bottle.(注:not anyno)

There aren't any birds in the tree.树上没有鸟。

There are no birds in the tree.

There isn't anything in the bag.

There is nothing in the bag.

There isn't any one in the classroom.

There is no one in the classroom.

（二）There be的疑问结构

1.一般疑问句结构：Is/Are there+主语+地点状语？（注：句中如果出现some则改成any）一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes，these is/are.否定回答：No，there isn't/aren't.（注：There be句型一般疑问句的回答，be动词的使用与问句一致）

—Is there a television in your living room？你家客厅里有电视机吗？

—Yes，there is.是的，有。

—Are there any children on the playground？操场上有孩子吗？

—No，there aren't.没有。

—Excuse me，are there any restaurants on Nanjing Road？请问，南京路上有饭店吗？

—Yes，there are.是的，有。

2.特殊疑问句

There be句型对主语提问结构：What+be+地点状语？注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时be动词一般都用is，回答时却要根据实际情况而决定。

There is a book on the table.

What's on the table？（注：What is=What's）

There are some books on the table.

What's on the table？

There is a lot of milk in the bottle.

What's in the bottle？

3.There be句型对数量提问分两种：可数名词和不可数名词

（1）对可数名词数量的提问：How many+名词复数+are there+地点状语？

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对数量提问时be动词一般都用are，回答时却要根据实际情况而决定。

There is a book on the table.

How many books are there on the table？

There are some books on the table.

How many books are there on the table？

（2）对不可数名词量的提问：How much+不可数名词+is there+地点状语？

There is a lot of milk in the bottle.

How much milk is there in the bottle？

Exercises

15.3 Think and write （按要求改写句子）

1.There is a table in the kitchen.（否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

2.There are some flowers in the garden.（否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

3.There was a red car outside the house.（否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

4.There were two cats in the yard.（否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

15.4 Fill in the blanks （填入there is/there isn't/is there/there are/there aren't/are there）

1.—How many students ____ in your class？—Thirty-eight.

2.—Mum，I'm thirsty.____ any juice in the refrigerator？—Yes.

3.Look！____ a photograph of your sister in the newspaper！

4.____ nowhere to sit down.____ any chairs.

5.—Excuse me，____ a post office near here？—Yes，at the corner of Park Street and River Street.

6.____ seven days in a week.Sunday is the first day of the week.

7.____ any water left.Let's go to the supermarket and buy some.

8.Oxford is an old town.____ many new buildings.

9.—Let's make pizza for lunch.—Sorry，we can't.____ any cheese.

10.—____ any bread in the picnic basket？—Yes，____ three loaves.