[初中]全新英语语法21-5 There be句型后的非谓语动词

There be句型是英语中常用的重要句型之一，意为“某处有某物或某人”，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语，其中there是引导词，本身没有词义，be是谓语动词，be后的名词或代词是句子的主语。

21-5 There be句型后的非谓语动词

There be句型后有时可以跟非谓语动词，其形式可以是不定式，也可以用现在分词，有时还用过去分词。但表达的意义不同。

（1）there be ...+现在分词，表示动作正在进行。如：

There is someone waiting for him.有人在等他。

There was a man standing in front of me.我前面站着一个男人。

There were some children swimming in the river.有些小孩在河里游泳。

There were a group of young people working in the fields.有一群青年在地里劳动。

注意：

有时现在分词可表示一种状态。如：

There's a piano standing against the wall.靠墙有一架钢琴。

There're a lot of difficulties facing us.我们面前有很多困难。

There is a door leading to the garden.有一扇门通往花园。

（2）there be ...+不定式，表示动作尚未发生。如：

There was nobody to look after the child.没有人照顾这个孩子。

There was a large crowd to send him off.有一大群人要来给他送行。

There is much work to do.有许多工作要做。

There is nothing to be afraid of.没什么可怕的。

（3）there be ...+过去分词，表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生。如：

There is nothing written on it.上面没写东西。

There were ten people killed in the accident.事故中有10人丧生。