[初中]全新英语语法21-6 There be与have（has）的区别

There be句型是英语中常用的重要句型之一，意为“某处有某物或某人”，句子的结尾往往带有地点状语或时间状语，其中there是引导词，本身没有词义，be是谓语动词，be后的名词或代词是句子的主语。

21-6 There be与have（has）的区别

（1）意义不同：There be表示存在关系，指某处有某物；have（has）表示所属关系，指某人或某物所有或具有。如：

There wasn't anything interesting in yesterday's newspaper.昨天的报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。

I have a brother.我有个弟弟。

The table has four legs.那张桌子有四条腿。

（2）结构不同：There be句型的结构是：There be+sb./sth.+时间/地点（副词或介词短语）；have （has）句型的结构是：sb./sth.+have （has）+sb./sth.

There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。

She has three cars.她拥有三辆汽车。（汽车是属于她的）

注意：

若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：

A week has seven days.=There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。

【中考速递】

1.[湖北武汉中考考题] — What's the matter，Jenny？

— _____ something wrong with my bike.

A.It is B.There is C.I have D.It has

2.[广西来宾中考考题] There _____ a basketball match in our school tomorrow.

A.will have B.will be

C.are D.is going to have

3.[四川南充中考考题] — Is there a watermelon on the table？

— _____

A.Yes，there is. B.Yes，it is.

C.No，there is. D.No，it isn't.

4.[吉林长春中考考题] There _____ two dictionaries on the bookcase.You can use either of them.

A.is B.was C.are D.were

5.[黑龙江绥化中考考题] There _____ a pencil and some pens in the box.

A.is B.are C.aren't

【答案点拨】

1.答案：B 句意：“怎么啦，詹妮？”“我的自行车有毛病了。”There is something wrong with sb.or sth.是固定搭配，意为“某人或某物有问题/毛病了”，故选B。

2.答案：B 句意：我们学校明天将有一场篮球赛。由tomorrow可知句子用将来时；There be句型的将来时为There will be或There is going to be ...。故选 B。

3.答案：A 句意：桌子上有个西瓜吗？There be句型一般疑问句的肯定回答为：Yes，there is.否定回答为：No，there isn't.故选A。

4.答案：C 句意：书架上有两本字典，你可以从中拿一本。由句意可知句子用一般现在时；由two dictionaries可知复数名词be用are。故选C。

5.答案：A 句意：盒子里有一支铅笔和一些钢笔。There be句型中be动词与靠近的主语保持数的一致，故选A。

【语法专练 体验中考】

1.[江苏盐城] Watch out，Peter！_____ is a little boy playing ahead on the road.

A.It B.This C.That D.There

2.[广西玉林] — Do you know _____ a wonderful football match and two basketball matches on July 15th ？

— Yeah.I am going to watch them on that day.

A.there will be B.there will have

C.there are D.there have

3.[青海考题] _____ more chances for young people to find jobs in big cities.

A.There are B.We have C.It's said

4.[黑龙江齐齐哈尔] There _____ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.

A.are B.is C.have D.were

5.[四川乐山] Don't worry.There _____ enough water，vegetables and fruits in the fridge.

A.have B.are C.is

6.[四川攀枝花] Look！This is our class photo.There _____45 students in my class.

A.has B.have C.is D.are

7.[山东烟台] There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing.

A.has，is B.have，are

C.are，is D.is，are

8.[广东广州] The weather forecast says that _____ another storm tomorrow.

A.there will have B.there will be

C.there has D.there has been

9.[山东青岛] — Listen！There _____ someone _____ at the door.

— It must be your sister.

A.is；knocking B.is；knock

C.are；knocking D.are；knock

10.[四川遂宁] There _____ a card on the teacher's desk five minutes ago，but now it is gone.

A.have B.is C.was

【答案速递】

1.D 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C