[高中]全新语法:关系词的用法 三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.“介词+关系代词”句式
（1）when 分解为in/at/on which。
I still remember the day on which I first met Jennifer.
我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。（when=on which）
It was a time at which the Chinese struggled for freedom.
那是一段中国人为自由而斗争的日子。（when=at which）
Next month in which you’ll spend your holidays in your hometown，is coming.
下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度假。（when=in which）
（2）where 分解为in/on/at which。
She is going to settle in Macao in which she has some close friends.
她要到澳门去定居，在那里她有几个密友。（where=in which）
This is the office at/in which I used to work.
这就是我过去工作过的办公室。（where=at/in which）
There is a wall on which hangs a picture.
有一面墙，墙上有一幅画。（where=on which）
（3）why 分解为for which。
I don’t know the reason for which he came so late.
我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。（why=for which）
I’d like you to explain the reason for which you were absent.
我想让你解释一下你没来的原因。（why=for which）
（4）way作先行词，意为“方式”时，关系代词是“that/in which或省略”。
This is the way （that）my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。
She admired the way （in which）I answered the questions.她钦佩我回答问题的方式。
I don’t like the way he looked at me.我不喜欢他看我的样子。（省略关系词）
（5）“介词+关系代词”其他句式
Could you tell me for whom you’ve bought this coat？
你能告诉我这件衣服是给谁买的吗？
The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot.杀死羊的那只狼被打死了。
【提示】 “介词+关系代词”中介词后只能用“which/whom”。
2.“表示部分的词语+of+关系代词”句式
（1）不定代词+of whom/which
China has a lot of islands，one of which is Taiwan.
中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是台湾岛。
There are a lot of students here，none of whom like the film.
这里有许多学生，他们之中无人喜欢这部电影。
My favorite writer is Mo Yan，some of whose novels have a surprising ending.
我最喜欢的作家是莫言，他的一些小说结尾出奇。
Mary has three brothers，all of whom are doctors.玛丽有三个哥哥，全是医生。
（2）基数词、序数词、分数、百分数+of whom/which
He has three sons，two of whom are teachers.他有三个儿子，其中两个当教师。
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year，80% of which are sold abroad.这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中80%销往国外。
（3）名词+of whom/which
He mentioned a book，the title of which I’ve forgotten.他提到一本书，书名我忘了。
Yesterday Mr Li finally bought his own house，to the east of which is a hospital.
昨天李先生最终买了房子，房子的东边是一家医院。
（4）the+最高级/比较级+of whom/which
There are two buildings，the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high.
有两座大楼，大的那座差不多有一百英尺高。
There are three girls in the room，the tallest of whom is Tom’s sister.
房间里有三个姑娘，最高的那个是汤姆的妹妹。
3.“介词+关系代词”句式中介词的确定
（1）根据定语从句中的动词和介词的搭配关系选择。
This is not the book of which the teacher spoke in class.
这不是老师在班上谈论的那本书。（根据speak of 确定介词of）
The two things of which they felt proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.
令他们自豪的两件物品是吉姆的金表和黛拉的头发。（根据feel proud of 确定介词of）
（2）根据定语从句与先行词的搭配关系选择。
I’ll never forget the day on which I first met him.
我永远记得第一次遇见他的那一天。（根据day“在某一天”确定介词on）
The boy pointed to the direction in which he would run.
孩子指着他要跑去的方向。（根据direction“朝……方向”确定介词in）
（3）根据句意表达的关系选择。
This is the book from which I got the story.
这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。（根据句意“从……”确定介词 from）
This I did at nine o’clock，after which I sat reading the paper.
九点钟我做这事，之后坐着看报。（根据句意“在……之后”确定介词 after）
Oxygen without which we cannot live is a colourless gas.
氧气，一种无色的气体，离了它我们不能活。（根据句意“若没有氧气”确定介词without）
