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《考研英语阅读理解100篇 高分版》 Unit 7 - TEXT TWO

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2019年02月02日

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The company that revolutionized the delivery of information now aims to do the same with electricity. Technology powerhouse Google today announced it would spend “tens of millions” of dollars next year in research and development and investments in an effort to drive down the cost of large-scale renewable energy to make it cheaper than coal. Not only will Google be hiring engineers and energy experts for its new initiative, known as RE<C (renewable energy at less cost than coal), but it also will make investments in fledgling companies—starting with those that focus on solar-thermal technology, enhanced geothermal, and high-altitude wind power. “Cheap renewable energy is not only critical for the environment but also vital for economic development in many places where there is limited affordable energy of any kind,” said Sergey Brin, Google cofounder and president of technology, in a prepared statement.
Coal supplies 40 percent of the world's electricity and more than half of U.S. power, and if current trends continue, it is expected to grab an ever increasing share because it is a plentiful and cheap fuel for big consumers like China and the United States. But coal is also the worst fuel in its production of the global warming gas carbon dioxide. Google cofounder Larry Page said the company's goal is to produce one gigawatt of renewable energy capacity that is cheaper than coal within “years, not decades”. Google says that's enough electricity to power a city the size of San Francisco (about 330,000 households).
Google, located in Mountain View, Calif., said it was initially working with two other California companies. They are eSolar, of Pasadena, which is specializing in solar-thermal power, using large fields of mirrors to concentrate sunlight and generate steam to run utility-scale electric turbines, and Makani of Alameda, which is developing wind energy technology that takes advantage of the much stronger and more reliable currents available at high altitudes.
Google did not specify how much money it was putting into its projects with these companies but said they both had “promising scalable energy technologies”. This portion of the initiative will be funded through the company's philanthropic arm, Google.org, which is not a traditional charity but can make equity investments in companies. Brin and Page have pledged 1 percent of Google's equity and profits toward efforts including climate change and global poverty.
The RE<C program is the latest of a series of steps Google has taken on climate change. The company says it is on track in its goal to be carbon neutral in 2007. It installed one of the largest corporate solar panel installations anywhere, a 1.6-megawatt rooftop system on its Mountain View campus.
The company also has a project to accelerate development and adoption of ultrahigh-efficiency plug-in hybrid cars. Google has been lobbying for inclusion of a nationwide renewable energy portfolio goal in the energy legislation currently under negotiation on Capitol Hill. And the company is working on an energy-efficient computing initiative with other Silicon Valley companies.
1. The word “fledgling” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) most probably means _____.
[A] inexperienced
[B] promising
[C] new
[D] initiative
2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the coal?
[A] It is a kind of controversial fuel given its large quantity and its harm to the environment.
[B] It is a plentiful and cheap fuel that will surely earn more market share.
[C] It will be totally replaced by the renewable energy in years because it produces the worst gas—carbon dioxide.
[D] It is supported by enthusiastic countries like China and the U. S.
3. Google.org is a(n) _____.
[A] charity organization
[B] equity investor in companies
[C] branch website of Google.com that focuses on charity activities
[D] environmental organization that specializes in promoting green fuel
4. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE of RE<C program?
[A] It will be realized through investments in solar and wind energy companies.
[B] It is a program of environmental protection.
[C] It is one of the measures taken to neutralize carbon.
[D] It can come into true in a few years.
5. The best title of this passage is _____.
[A] Google's RE<C Program
[B] Google, the Energy Revolutionary
[C] Google, the Environmental Protector
[D] Google's Renewable Energy Project

1. The word “fledgling” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) most probably means _____.
[A] inexperienced
[B] promising
[C] new
[D] initiative
1. fledgling这个词(第一段第五行)最有可能的意思是 _____。
[A] 没有经验的
[B] 有前途的
[C] 新的
[D] 初步的
答案:C 难度系数:☆☆
分析:猜词题。根据上下文,这类公司包括太阳能技术、加强型地热、高地风力的公司,这是一种新兴的公司,因此,最为合适的选项为C。
2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the coal?
[A] It is a kind of controversial fuel given its large quantity and its harm to the environment.
[B] It is a plentiful and cheap fuel that will surely earn more market share.
[C] It will be totally replaced by the renewable energy in years because it produces the worst gas—carbon dioxide.
[D] It is supported by enthusiastic countries like China and the U. S.
2. 关于煤炭,下列哪个陈述是正确的?
[A] 它是一种有争议的燃料,一方面储量巨大,另一方面却对环境有害。
[B] 它是一种充足的、廉价的燃料,因此自然会赢得更多的市场份额。
[C] 由于煤炭会产生一种最糟糕的气体——二氧化碳,因此在几年内它就会完全被可再生能源所替代。
[D] 它得到了诸如美国和中国这样的国家的热情支持。
答案:A 难度系数:☆☆☆
分析:细节题。选项A,从第二段的前两句话可以看出,煤炭由于其储量丰富且廉价,因此得到了广泛的使用,但它同时又对环境造成了伤害,可见煤炭是一种颇具争议性的资源。选项B,对于美国和中国是这种情况,但不一定对于其他国家也是。选项C,谷歌正在努力的目标是可再生能源的产量可以供像旧金山这样规模的城市使用,但并不一定能完全取代煤炭,只能是逐步的,同时第二段里面有一句话,说煤炭是产生二氧化碳最多的燃料,而不是产生了最糟糕的二氧化碳,所以选项C也不正确。因此,答案为A。
3. Google.org is a(n) _____.
[A] charity organization
[B] equity investor in companies
[C] branch website of Google.com that focuses on charity activities
[D] environmental organization that specializes in promoting green fuel
3. Google. org是一个 _____。
[A] 慈善组织
[B] 投资于公司股票的投资机构
[C] Google.com的分支网站,专门负责慈善活动
[D] 致力于推动绿色燃料的使用的环境组织
答案:A 难度系数:☆☆☆☆
分析:细节题。关键是要正确理解第四段第二句话中which is not a traditional charity but can make equity investments in companies,意思是说Google.org不是一家传统的慈善组织,而且也投资于公司股票;后面指出,Google投资于改善气候变化和全球贫困问题,这都是慈善行为。可以推断,这主要是一家慈善机构,而不是投资机构,因此B不正确。选项C比较具有迷惑性,但是通过阅读全文我们可以发现,Google. org看起来像是一个网址,但是其实是一个组织。选项D把该组织定义为“环境组织”是错误的。正确答案为A。
4. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE of RE<C program?
[A] It will be realized through investments in solar and wind energy companies.
[B] It is a program of environmental protection.
[C] It is one of the measures taken to neutralize carbon.
[D] It can come into true in a few years.
4. 关于RE<C,下列哪个陈述是错误的?
[A] 通过投资太阳能和风能公司可以实现该项目。
[B] 这是一个环境保护项目。
[C] 这是实现碳的零排放的一种方法。
[D] 在近几年内该项目就可以实现。
答案:A 难度系数:☆☆☆☆
分析:推理题。选项A,该项目和投资太阳能和风能公司是谷歌公司实现产出比煤炭更加廉价的燃料的两种途径,在手段上并没有直接的联系。选项B在文章第五段提到了,是整治气候变化的一步,那么可以算是环保项目。选项C,第五段有所提及,即:The company says it is on track in its goal to be carbon neutral in 2007。选项D,既然公司的目标在几年内都可以实现,那么其中的一个步骤或项目也有望实现。由此可见,答案为A。
5. The best title of this passage is _____.
[A] Google's RE<C Program
[B] Google, the Energy Revolutionary
[C] Google, the Environmental Protector
[D] Google's Renewable Energy Project
5. 这篇文章最好的题目为 _____。
[A] 谷歌RE<C项目
[B] 谷歌,能源革命者
[C] 谷歌,环境保护者
[D] 谷歌的可再生能源项目
答案:B 难度系数:☆☆
分析:主旨题。这篇文章主要讲述了谷歌要开发出一种比煤炭价格低的可再生能源,从而既可以提供低价的能源,也可以保护环境。A,该项目只是其中一个举措。B,文章主要就是谈能源创新,因此这个题目比较合适。C,主要还是关于能源,不只是关于环境。D,文章并未一一列举项目,只是给出了一些情况。因此,答案为B。

曾经为信息传播带来革命性变化的公司,现在准备对电力进行一场同样的革命。科技巨头谷歌目前宣布,它明年将投入“上亿”的资金用于研发和投资,以降低大规模可再生能源的成本,使其比煤炭价格更低。谷歌不仅会为自己的新项目——RE<C(成本比煤炭低的可再生能源)招聘工程师和能源专家,也会投资给新公司,从投资给那些太阳能技术、加强型地热和高地风力的公司开始。“廉价的可再生能源不仅对于环境有重要的意义,对于很多廉价资源有限的地方的经济发展也很重要。”谷歌的共同创始人兼科技总裁 Sergey Brin在一次演讲中说道。
世界上40%的电和美国一半以上的能源都靠煤炭来供应,如果一直维持目前这样的趋势,那么煤炭在全部能源中所占的比例就有可能不断增加,因为对于中国和美国这样的大国来说,这是丰富和廉价的能源。但是煤炭在生产过程中会排放导致全球变暖的二氧化碳,因而它也是最糟糕的燃料。谷歌的共同创始人Larry Page称,公司的目标是比煤炭低廉的可再生能源产量达到十亿瓦特,这个目标将在“数年内完成,而不是数十年”。谷歌称,这足以满足像旧金山这样规模的城市(大约有33万户居民)对能量的需要。
谷歌位于加州的芒廷维尤,它声称最开始是与其他两家加州公司合作的。这两家公司是帕萨迪纳的e太阳能公司和阿拉米达的Makani公司。e太阳能公司专业生产太阳能热能,用大片的镜子聚集太阳光,生成蒸汽来推动多用途电力涡轮,而Makani公司是利用高地强劲、可靠的气流来发展风能技术。
谷歌并未指明它将向这些公司的项目投资多少,但是指出它们都是“前景光明的可升级的能源技术”。创新的部分将通过公司慈善机构(Google.org)资助,该机构不是传统的慈善机构,而是可以向一些公司做股票投资。Brin和Page已经抵押了谷歌1%的股票和收益,来资助改善气候变化和全球贫穷等活动。
RE<C是谷歌为应对气候变化所采取的一系列措施中的最新举措。公司称,它已经开始努力实现自己于2007年碳零排放的目标。它在芒廷维尤大学校园安装了最大的公共太阳电池板之一,一个1.6兆瓦特的屋顶系统。
该公司还有一个项目,是为了促进发展和使用超高效电力混合汽车。谷歌一直在游说,希望全国性的再生能源组合目标可以被列入目前正在国会山讨论的能源法中。该公司还和其他硅谷公司一起,致力于开发能源使用效率计算项目。
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