CNN news:工作更长时间以谋求安稳的退休生活

It's a dream. A lot of Americans retire at 65, start living a good life. But the recession has now put that further out of reach for a lot of us. Alicia Munnell, she's just finished a study that says if we wait until we're 70 years old to retire, we've got much better chance of having a good retirement. She is the director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.

这是很多人的一个梦想。很多美国人梦想在65岁退休,之后开始过上美好生活。但经济衰退现在让我们中的很多人离这一目标又更远了一步。艾丽西亚•穆奈尔刚刚完成了一份研究报告，这份报告称如果我们等到自己70岁再退休,那就会有更好的机会以养天年。她是波士顿学院退休研究中心的负责人，让我们来听一听她的见解。

And I have to say, professor, this is not the number we want to hear, 70, a little bit more time to work here.How did you come up with this?

我不得不说,教授,这不是我们想要听到的数字,70岁,更长一点时间来工作。你是怎么想出这个的?

Well, I mean the goal was actually to make people comfortable with a notion of working longer. Most people said “I don't want to work until my 90s” and so we thought if we did a careful study showing how much longer it would have to be, it would seem manageable. So 70 is the age that will let people maintain the same standard of living they've had before they retired once they've stopped working.

嗯,我的意思这个目标实际上是让人们工作更长时间的一种合适的概念。大多数人表示“我不想工作到自己90岁高龄”,所以我们觉得要仔细研究这个时间长度,而它似乎是可以管理的。所以70岁是人们一旦停止工作让自己在退休之前保持同样的生活水平的最恰当年龄。

We hear a lot from our retirement planners that you need pretty much a million bucks to retire. What do you think of that figure? How does that relate to stopping at 70 working until you're 70?

我们从退休计划者当中听到了很多，你需要几乎一百万美元才能退休。你怎么看这个数字的?这涉及到直到你70岁才停止工作吗?

So we really don't think in terms of an absolute dollar amount, because if you think about it, low income people don't need a million dollars and high income people need a lot more than a million dollars. So we think in terms of what percent of your pre-retirement earnings do you need. And that number we usually work with is around 80 percent.

所以我们真的不考虑一个绝对的金额,因为如果你仔细想想,低收入的人群不需要一百万美元,而高收入人群肯定需要超过一百万美元。所以要以你的角度来考虑自己需要的退休收入百分比。而且这个数字我们通常使用是80%左右。

Eighty percent, OK. And the biggest retirement mistake that we make. Er, should we, what should we do? Should we take a lump sum from our employers or put it off?

80%,好。我们犯的最大的退休错误,呃,是我们应该,我们应该做些什么呢?我们应该采取一次性从我们的雇主手中拿走还是将其延后呢?

I think the biggest mistake that people make is grabbing their social security benefits as soon as they become available at age 62. If people can work until age 70, their monthly benefit will be 75 percent higher than it is at 62. And that gives you just such a, much larger secure base on which to build, er, to support yourself.

我认为人们犯的最大错误是一旦他们在62岁可行时便掌控了社会保障福利。如果人们可以工作到70岁,他们每月的福利就会比在62岁时高出75%。那会给你们就一种更大的安全的基础来构建,呃,来支持自己。

If you were to stop working at 65 and retire at 65 instead of 70, would you be in danger of not living the way you're accustomed to?

如果你不工作,在65岁退休而非70岁年龄,那将不是你所习惯的生活方式吗?

Yes, our estimates show that approximately half of the households will not be able to maintain their standard of living if they retire at 65. So this moving from 65 to 70, er, brings that number up to 86, which we view close enough to the whole population. So if we could get the population as a whole to retire at 70, most people will be able to support themselves in retirement.

是的,我们的评估表明如果人们在65岁退休，大约有一半的家庭将无法维持他们现在的生活标准。所以从65岁到70岁,呃,这个数字高达86,我们认为足够接近整个人口。所以如果我们能使总体人口在70岁左右退休,很多人在退休的时候都能够支撑自己。

So bottom line, we just got to work a little bit longer now.

所以底线是我们从现在开始只需要工作更长一点的时间。

We do. And we understand that not everybody can do it. Some people have health issues; some people have spouses with health issues; some people's jobs are outdated. But for the great bulk of the population, working longer is really the way to have a secure retirement.All right. We'll just keep working. Thank you, professor.

我们的确需要这样。而且我们明白不是每个人都能这么做。有些人有健康问题;有些人的配偶的健康问题;有些人的工作已经过时。但是对于大部分人来说,工作更长时间的真正目的是要过上安稳的退休生活。好吧。我们将继续坚持工作。谢谢你,教授。