让学生成为生活和学习的主人！中央发文促全面提高义务教育质量

《中共中央　国务院关于深化教育教学改革全面提高义务教育质量的意见》近日印发。这是党中央、国务院印发的第一个聚焦义务教育阶段教育教学改革的重要文件，是新时代我国深化教育教学改革、全面提高义务教育质量的纲领性文件。

Pupils at Qamdo Municipal Experimental Primary School in Qamdo, Tibet autonomous region. [Photo provided to China Daily]

The guideline aims to develop an education system that will foster citizens with an all-round moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic grounding, in addition to a hard-working spirit, according to the document.

意见旨在发展素质教育，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。

要点包括：

坚持“五育”并举，全面发展素质教育

According to the guideline, compulsory education should emphasize the effectiveness of moral education with efforts on cultivating ideals and faith, core socialist values, China's fine traditional culture, ecological civilization and mental health.

要突出德育实效，大力开展理想信念、社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化、生态文明和心理健康教育。

The document stressed elevating intellectual grounding level to develop the cognitive ability and stimulate the sense of innovation of the students.

提升智育水平。着力培养认知能力，促进思维发展，激发创新意识。

It also called for strengthening physical education, enhancing aesthetic training with more art curriculums and activities, and encouraging students to participate in more physical work to boost their hard-working spirit.

强化体育锻炼，增强美育熏陶，设立艺术特色课程，加强劳动教育，充分发挥劳动综合育人功能。

强化课堂主阵地作用，切实提高课堂教学质量

Heuristic and interactive methods in teaching are encouraged to inspire students to think and ask questions.

注重启发式、互动式、探究式教学，引导学生主动思考、积极提问、自主探究。

More information technology should be integrated into school teaching, it said, specifically calling for more free and high-quality educational resources in rural and remote areas.

促进信息技术与教育教学融合应用。免费为农村和边远贫困地区学校提供优质学习资源。

按照“四有好老师”标准，建设高素质专业化教师队伍

The guideline demands "high-quality and professional" teaching personnel, proposing more training to strengthen teachers' teaching fundamentals and work ethics, as well as improved salaries and benefits.

建设高素质专业化教师队伍，强化师德教育和教学基本功训练，不断提高教师待遇。

School principals are asked to shoulder more responsibilities and play better roles in improving education quality.

校长是学校提高教育质量的第一责任人，提升校长实施素质教育能力。

深化关键领域改革，为提高教育质量创造条件

National curriculum schemes issued by the central authority should not be replaced by local and school- based curriculum, said the guideline.

严禁用地方课程、校本课程取代国家课程。

Exam-free access to nearby primary and secondary schools should cover all school-age children, and schools are encouraged to promote the well-rounded development of students, the guideline said.

推进义务教育学校免试就近入学全覆盖。建立以发展素质教育为导向的科学评价体系。

The country will secure the fiscal investment for compulsory education and motivate schools with higher education quality to help ordinary schools to achieve balanced compulsory education, according to the guideline.

保障义务教育财政经费投入，发挥优质学校示范辐射作用，完善强校带弱校等办学机制，促进新优质学校成长。

It also demands strengthened Party leadership over compulsory education reform and more guidance to parents for better family education.

推进义务教育改革，加强党的领导;重视家庭教育。

【相关词汇】

义务教育 compulsory education

应试教育 exam-oriented education

民办学校 private school

基础教育 basic education

教书育人 impart knowledge and cultivate people

教育公平 education equality