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名人演讲:Three Stories From My Life 我生命中的三个故事[史蒂夫·乔布斯]

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2018年04月20日

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Three Stories From My Life 我生命中的三个故事 Steve Jobs 史蒂夫·乔布斯

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[00:00.48]Thank you.
[00:06.19]I am honored to be with you today
[00:08.13]in your commencement
[00:09.64]from one of the finest universities
[00:10.67]in the world.
[00:14.92]Truth be told
[00:17.33]I never graduated from college.
[00:20.28]this is the closest I've ever gotten
[00:23.08]to a college graduation.
[00:27.08]Today I want to tell you
[00:28.41]three stories from my life.
[00:30.20]That's it. No big deal.
[00:31.79]Just three stories.
[00:34.77]The first story is about
[00:36.69]connecting the dots.
[00:39.78]I dropped out of Reed College
[00:41.45]after the first 6 months,
[00:42.97]but then stayed around
[00:43.76]as a drop-in for another 18 months
[00:45.85]or so before I really quit.
[00:48.43]So why did I drop out?
[00:51.23]It started before I was born.
[00:53.96]My biological mother
[00:55.73]was a young,
[00:56.40]unwed college graduate student,
[00:58.21]and she decided
[00:58.83]to put me up for adoption.
[01:01.09]She felt very strongly
[01:02.46]that I should be adopted
[01:03.44]by college graduates,
[01:05.43]so everything was all set
[01:06.67]for me to be adopted at birth
[01:07.91]by a lawyer and his wife.
[01:10.50]Except that when I popped out
[01:12.47]they decided at the last minute
[01:13.90]that they really wanted a girl.
[01:16.54]So my parents,
[01:17.62]who were on a waiting list,
[01:18.91]got a call in the middle
[01:20.40]of the night asking:
[01:20.90]We have an unexpected baby boy;
[01:24.34]do you want him?
[01:26.11]They said: "Of course."
[01:29.56]My biological mother found out later
[01:31.15]that my mother
[01:32.84]had never graduated from college
[01:34.57]and that my father
[01:35.39]had never graduated from high school.
[01:38.10]She refused to sign the final adoption papers.
[01:41.87]She only relented
[01:43.16]a few months later
[01:44.13]when my parents promised
[01:45.60]that I would someday go to college.
[01:48.37]this was the start in my life
[01:52.85]And 17 years later
[01:54.62]I did go to college.
[01:56.49]But I naively chose a college
[01:58.04]that was almost
[01:58.98]as expensive as Stanford,
[02:01.47]and all of my working-class parents'
[02:03.29]savings were being spent
[02:04.43]on my college tuition.
[02:06.38]After six months,
[02:07.81]I couldn't see the value in it.
[02:09.49]I had no idea
[02:10.45]what I wanted to do
[02:11.25]with my life
[02:12.37]and no idea how college
[02:13.66]was going to help me figure it out.
[02:15.71]And here I was spending
[02:17.14]all of the money my parents
[02:18.53]had saved their entire life.
[02:21.57]So I decided to drop out
[02:23.53]and trust that
[02:24.42]it would all work out OK.
[02:26.69]It was pretty scary at the time,
[02:28.18]but looking back
[02:29.24]it was one of the best decisions
[02:30.30]I ever made.
[02:33.11]The minute I dropped out
[02:34.92]I could stop taking
[02:36.10]the required classes
[02:36.86]that didn't interest me,
[02:38.52]and begin dropping
[02:39.83]in on the ones
[02:40.93]that looked far more interesting.
[02:43.76]It wasn't all romantic.
[02:45.57]I didn't have a dorm room,
[02:46.92]so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms,
[02:49.52]I returned coke bottles for the 5 cents
[02:51.57]deposits to buy food with,
[02:53.61]and I would walk the 7 miles
[02:55.03]across town every Sunday night
[02:56.73]to get one good meal a week
[02:58.85]at the Hare Krishna temple.
[03:00.95]I loved it.
[03:02.63]And much of what I stumbled into
[03:04.54]by following my curiosity and intuition
[03:06.02]turned out to be priceless later on.
[03:09.11]Let me give you one example:
[03:12.07]Reed College at that time
[03:13.59]offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction
[03:15.78]in the country.
[03:17.17]Throughout the campus every poster,
[03:19.59]every label on every drawer,
[03:21.56]was beautifully hand calligraphed.
[03:24.12]Because I had dropped out
[03:25.60]and didn't have to take the normal classes,
[03:28.39]I decided to take a calligraphy class
[03:30.38]to learn how to do this.
[03:31.89]I learned about serif
[03:33.07]and san serif typefaces,
[03:34.79]about varying the amount
[03:36.21]of space between different letter combinations,
[03:38.42]about what makes great typography great.
[03:42.06]It was beautiful,
[03:43.26]historical,
[03:44.50]artistically subtle
[03:45.84]in a way that science can't capture,
[03:48.45]and I found it fascinating
[03:50.97]None of this had even a hope
[03:52.62]of any practical application
[03:54.40]in my life.
[03:55.72]But ten years later,
[03:57.51]when we were designing
[03:58.62]the first Macintosh computer,
[04:00.37]it all came back to me.
[04:02.25]And we designed it all into the Mac.
[04:04.69]It was the first computer
[04:05.76]with beautiful typography.
[04:08.03]If I had never dropped in
[04:09.37]on that single course in college,
[04:11.48]the Mac would have never
[04:12.34]had multiple typefaces
[04:13.65]or proportionally spaced fonts.
[04:15.87]And since Windows just copied the Mac,
[04:18.08]its likely that no personal computer
[04:19.76]would have them.
[04:28.56]If I had never dropped out,
[04:30.11]I would have never dropped
[04:31.11]in on this calligraphy class,
[04:32.62]and personal computers
[04:33.51]might not have the wonderful typography
[04:35.36]that they do.
[04:36.74]Of course it was impossible
[04:39.05]to connect the dots
[04:39.90]looking forward
[04:40.46]when I was in college.
[04:41.91]But it was very,
[04:43.42]very clear looking backwards
[04:45.22]ten years later.
[04:46.28]Again, you can't connect the dots
[04:47.96]looking forward;
[04:49.01]you can only connect them
[04:50.24]looking backwards.
[04:51.74]So you have to trust
[04:52.78]that the dots will somehow
[04:53.90]connect in your future.
[04:55.42]You have to trust in something
[04:57.23]your gut,
[04:57.85]destiny,
[04:58.39]life,
[04:58.83]karma, whatever.
[05:00.67]Because believing that the dots
[05:01.90]will connect down the road,
[05:03.83]will give you the confidence
[05:05.06]to follow your heart,
[05:06.72]even will lead you off
[05:08.08]to one’s own path,
[05:09.93]and then will make all the difference.
[05:17.47]My second story is about love and loss.
[05:22.52]I was lucky
[05:23.89]I found what I loved to do
[05:25.62]early in life.
[05:26.89]Woz and I started Apple
[05:28.20]in my parents garage when I was 20.
[05:30.41]We worked hard,
[05:31.59]and in 10 years
[05:32.49]Apple had grown from
[05:33.66]just the two of us in a garage
[05:35.07]into a $2 billion company
[05:36.56]with over 4000 employees.
[05:38.55]We had just released our finest creation
[05:40.81]the Macintosh
[05:41.74]a year earlier,
[05:42.60]and I had just turned 30.
[05:45.16]And then I got fired.
[05:47.61]How can you get fired
[05:48.46]from a company you started?
[05:50.97]Well, as Apple grew we hired someone
[05:53.92]who I thought was very talented
[05:55.66]to run the company with me,
[05:57.12]and for the first year
[05:57.98]or so things went well.
[05:59.58]But then our visions of the future
[06:00.76]began to diverge
[06:02.08]and eventually we had a falling out.
[06:04.10]When we did,
[06:05.08]our Board of Directors sided with him.
[06:07.49]So at 30 I was out.
[06:09.80]And very publicly out.
[06:11.85]What had been the focus
[06:12.91]of my entire adult life was gone,
[06:14.87]and it was devastating.
[06:16.98]I really didn't know what to do
[06:18.10]for a few months.
[06:19.24]I felt that I had let the previous generation
[06:21.18]of entrepreneurs down
[06:23.23]that I had dropped the baton
[06:24.81]as it was being passed to me.
[06:26.86]I met with David Packard
[06:28.04]and Bob Noyce
[06:29.69]and tried to apologize
[06:30.87]for screwing up so badly.
[06:33.11]I was a very public failure,
[06:34.61]and I even thought about
[06:35.46]running away from the valley.
[06:37.38]But something slowly began to dawn on me
[06:40.49]I still loved what I did.
[06:42.94]The turn of events at Apple
[06:44.82]had not changed that one bit.
[06:47.06]I had been rejected,
[06:48.43]but I was still in love.
[06:50.85]And so I decided to start over.
[06:53.63]I didn't see it then,
[06:55.14]but it turned out that getting fired from
[06:56.76]Apple was the best thing
[06:57.69]that could have ever happened to me.
[06:59.61]The heaviness of being successful
[07:01.61]was replaced by the lightness
[07:03.20]of being a beginner again,
[07:05.00]less sure about everything.
[07:06.95]It freed me to enter
[07:07.82]one of the most creative periods
[07:09.47]of my life.
[07:10.21]During the next five years,
[07:11.62]I started a company named NeXT,
[07:13.12]another company named Pixar,
[07:14.97]and fell in love with an amazing woman
[07:16.42]who would become my wife.
[07:17.99]Pixar went on to create the worlds first
[07:19.73]computer animated feature film,
[07:21.67]Toy Story,
[07:23.04]and is now the most successful
[07:24.10]animation studio in the world.
[07:28.69]In a remarkable turn of events,
[07:30.86]Apple bought NeXT,
[07:32.48]I retuned to Apple,
[07:33.91]and the technology we developed at NeXT
[07:35.64]is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance.
[07:38.16]And Laurene and I
[07:39.65]have a wonderful family together.
[07:42.49]I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened
[07:44.72]if I hadn't been fired from Apple.
[07:46.69]It was awful tasting medicine,
[07:48.36]but I guess the patient needed it.
[07:50.63]Sometimes life hits you in the head
[07:54.25]with a brick.
[07:54.94]Don't lose faith.
[07:56.65]I'm convinced
[07:57.35]that the only thing
[07:58.15]that kept me going
[07:58.99]was that I loved what I did.
[08:00.80]You've got to find what you love.
[08:02.82]And that is as true for your work
[08:04.36]As It Is for your lovers.
[08:06.68]Your work is going to fill
[08:08.00]a large part of your life,
[08:09.06]and the only way to be truly satisfied
[08:11.05]is to do what you believe is great work.
[08:13.39]And the only way to do great work
[08:15.07]is to love what you do.
[08:17.55]If you haven't found it yet,
[08:18.88]keep looking.
[08:19.88]Don't settle.
[08:22.06]As with all matters of the heart,
[08:24.42]you'll know when you find it.
[08:25.73]And, like any great relationship,
[08:27.33]it just gets better and better
[08:28.68]as the years roll on.
[08:30.50]So keep looking
[08:31.62]Don't settle.
[08:43.69]My third story is about death.
[08:47.36]When I was 17,
[08:48.79]I read a quote that went something like:
[08:50.95]If you live each day
[08:52.57]as if it was your last,
[08:53.98]someday you'll most certainly be right.
[08:59.15]It made an impression on me,
[09:00.89]and since then,
[09:01.94]for the past 33 years,
[09:03.36]I have looked in the mirror
[09:04.73]every morning and asked myself:
[09:06.44]If today were the last day of my life,
[09:08.73]would I want to do
[09:09.86]what I am about to do today?
[09:12.32]And whenever the answer has been
[09:14.19]"No" for too many days in a row,
[09:15.91]I know I need to change something.
[09:18.63]Remembering that I'll be dead soon
[09:20.79]is the most important tool
[09:22.04]I've ever encountered to help me
[09:23.45]make the big choices in life.
[09:25.75]Because almost everything
[09:27.54]all external expectations,
[09:29.52]all pride,
[09:30.58]all fear of embarrassment
[09:31.88]or failure
[09:32.88]these things just fall away
[09:34.50]in the face of death,
[09:36.07]leaving only what is truly important.
[09:38.68]Remembering that you are going to die
[09:40.70]is the best way I know
[09:42.26]to avoid the trap of thinking
[09:43.97]you have something to lose.
[09:45.96]You are already naked.
[09:47.85]There is no reason not to follow your heart.
[09:51.79]About a year ago
[09:53.37]I was diagnosed with cancer.
[09:55.88]I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning,
[09:58.10]and it clearly showed a tumor
[09:59.56]on my pancreas.
[10:01.29]I didn't even know what a pancreas was.
[10:04.07]The doctors told me this was almost certainly
[10:06.51]a type of cancer that is incurable,
[10:09.08]and that I should expect to live
[10:10.20]no longer than three to six months.
[10:13.14]My doctor advised me to go home
[10:15.36]and get my affairs in order,
[10:17.88]which is doctor's code
[10:19.58]for prepare to die.
[10:21.55]It means to try to tell your kids everything
[10:25.28]you thought you'd have
[10:25.88]in the next 10 years
[10:27.73]to tell them in just a few months.
[10:29.51]It means to make sure
[10:30.45]everything is buttoned up
[10:32.00]so that it will be as easy as possible
[10:33.77]for your family.
[10:35.30]It means to say your goodbyes.
[10:38.28]I lived with that diagnosis all day.
[10:41.70]Later that evening I had a biopsy,
[10:44.26]where they stuck an
[10:45.31]endoscope down my throat,
[10:46.31]through my stomach
[10:47.18]and into my intestines,
[10:48.80]put a needle into my pancreas
[10:50.37]and got a few cells from the tumor.
[10:52.98]I was sedated,
[10:54.22]but my wife,
[10:54.91]who was there,
[10:56.03]told me that when they viewed the cells
[10:57.89]under a microscope
[10:59.14]the doctors started crying
[11:00.91]because it turned out to be
[11:01.94]a very rare form of pancreatic cancer
[11:04.21]that is curable with surgery.
[11:06.38]I had the surgery and thankfully
[11:08.66]I'm fine now.
[11:18.20]This was the closest
[11:19.32]I've been to facing death,
[11:20.88]and I hope its the closest I get
[11:22.43]for a few more decades.
[11:24.24]Having lived through it,
[11:25.76]I can now say this to you
[11:27.13]with a bit more certainty
[11:28.28]than when death was a useful
[11:29.59]but purely intellectual concept:
[11:32.94]No one wants to die.
[11:35.40]Even people who want to go to heaven
[11:37.39]don't want to die to get there.
[11:38.98]And yet
[11:40.64]death is the destination we all share.
[11:43.35]No one has ever escaped it.
[11:45.40]And that is as it should be,
[11:47.53]because Death is very likely
[11:49.62]the single best invention of Life.
[11:51.99]It is Life's change agent.
[11:53.88]It clears out the old
[11:54.92]to make way for the new.
[11:57.00]Right now the new is you,
[11:59.71]but someday not too long from now,
[12:01.70]you will gradually become the old
[12:03.53]and be cleared away.
[12:05.60]Sorry to be so dramatic,
[12:07.44]but it is quite true.
[12:09.65]Your time is limited,
[12:11.28]so don't waste it
[12:12.49]living someone else's life.
[12:14.73]Don't be trapped by dogma
[12:16.81]which is living
[12:17.37]with the results
[12:18.03]of other people's thinking.
[12:19.89]Don't let the noise of others' opinions
[12:21.95]drown out your own inner voice.
[12:24.28]And most important,
[12:25.59]have the courage
[12:26.27]to follow your heart and intuition.
[12:28.40]They somehow already know
[12:30.22]what you truly want to become.
[12:32.82]Everything else is secondary.
[12:46.61]When I was young,
[12:48.18]there was an amazing publication
[12:49.81]called The Whole Earth Catalog,
[12:52.19]which was one of the bibles
[12:53.37]of my generation.
[12:55.04]It was created by a fellow
[12:56.28]named Stewart Brand
[12:57.63]not far from here in Menlo Park,
[12:59.70]and he brought it to life
[13:01.10]with his poetic touch.
[13:02.92]This was in the late 1960's,
[13:04.48]before personal computers
[13:05.57]and desktop publishing,
[13:07.24]so it was all made with typewriters,
[13:09.05]scissors,
[13:09.73]and polaroid cameras.
[13:11.13]It was sort of like Google
[13:12.53]in paperback form,
[13:13.78]35 years before Google came along:
[13:16.65]it was idealistic,
[13:17.96]and overflowing with neat tools
[13:19.76]and great notions.
[13:22.30]Stewart and his team
[13:23.14]put out several issues
[13:24.74]of The Whole Earth Catalog,
[13:25.80]and then when it had run its course,
[13:27.93]they put out a final issue.
[13:30.03]It was the mid-1970s,
[13:32.11]and I was your age.
[13:35.16]On the back cover
[13:36.15]of their final issue
[13:37.40]was a photograph of
[13:38.97]an early morning country road,
[13:40.87]the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on
[13:43.14]if you were so adventurous.
[13:45.27]Beneath it were the words:
[13:47.15]"Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish."
[13:50.32]It was their farewell message
[13:51.94]as they signed off.
[13:53.57]Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.
[13:56.70]And I have always wished that for myself.
[13:59.34]And now,
[14:01.14]as you graduate to begin anew,
[14:03.24]I wish that for you.
[14:05.22]Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish
[14:08.25]Thank you all very much.

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