奥地利极右翼政党在大选中异军突起

Austria’s far-right nationalist Freedom party has scored its best result in a national election for two decades and is likely to join the country’s next government, in a significant boost for Europe’s nationalist and anti-establishment movements.

奥地利极右翼民族主义政党自由党(Freedom)在全国大选中获得了近20年来的最好结果，可能加入下一届执政联盟，这对欧洲的民族主义和反建制运动是一个显著提振。

Sebastian Kurz, the 31-year-old leader of the mainstream conservative People’s party, looked set to become Austrian chancellor — and the EU’s youngest leader — after topping Sunday’s poll with 31.6 per cent of votes, according to projections based on most votes counted. He said the vote was a “clear contract to change the country”.

31岁的主流保守派政党人民党(People’s party)领袖塞巴斯蒂安•库尔茨(Sebastian Kurz)看起来会成为奥地利总理和欧盟最年轻的领导人——基于已经点算的大多数选票作出的预测，库尔茨在周日的大选中以31.6%的得票率位居榜首。他表示，此次选举“是改变国家的明确合同”。

But the projections showed 26 per cent of the vote went to the Freedom party, which has earned international notoriety for its hardline stance on immigration and airbrushing of Austria’s Nazi past. If confirmed, that would be its strongest performance since the 26.9 per cent it won in 1999 when the party was led by the charismatic Jörg Haider.

但预测也表明，有26%的选民支持自由党，后者因在移民问题上的强硬立场和粉饰奥地利纳粹历史而在国际上声名不佳。如果选举结果真如预测的那样，那将是该党自1999年以来的最好表现，当时该党在富有魅力的约尔格•海德尔(Jörg Haider)的领导下赢得了26.9%的选票。

Its strong showing means the Freedom party could demand a high price to join a coalition led by Mr Kurz. That would almost certainty result in a more aggressive position from Vienna on many EU topics, including immigration, and the Freedom party occupying top government posts such as the foreign and interior ministries. Heinz Christian Strache, Freedom party’s leader, hailed his party’s “great success” but refrained from immediate comment on any possible coalition.

自由党的强劲表现意味着，该党可以为加入库尔茨领导的执政联盟要求高代价。这几乎可以肯定会导致维也纳在移民等众多欧盟事务上采取更为激进的立场，而且自由党也会占据外交部和内政部等政府职位。自由党党魁海因茨-克里斯蒂安•斯特拉赫(Heinz-Christian Strache)赞扬了该党的“巨大成功”，但没有立即对任何可能的联盟置评。

“It is certainly a very strong message for Europe,” said Thomas Hofer, political analyst in Vienna. The Freedom party “had a fabulous campaign”.

维也纳政治分析人士托马斯•霍弗(Thomas Hofer)表示：“这对欧洲肯定是一个非常强烈的信号。”自由党“进行了非常棒的竞选活动”。

Mr Kurz could, however, seek another coalition with the centre-left Social Democrats, which according to exit polls came second with 26.8 per cent of the vote. But this match would continue the system of “grand coalition” governments between Austria’s two mainstream parties that disenchanted voters and that Mr Kurz had promised to overhaul.

然而，库尔茨可能寻求与中左翼政党社民党(Social Democrats)组建联盟政府;根据投票站出口民调，该党获得了26.8%的选票，排名第二。但这种组合将会延续奥地利两大主流政党之间的“大联盟”政府体系，而选民们已表示对这种体系不满，而库尔茨承诺要改革该体系。

Christian Kern, Social Democratic leader, said Austria had seen a “massive slide to the right,” but hinted he hoped his party would remain in power, saying it took its responsibilities seriously.

社民党领袖克里斯蒂安•科安(Christian Kern)表示，奥地利“大幅右倾”，但他暗示希望社民党继续执政，并表示该党将会认真履职。

In another variation, the Freedom party could try to form a coalition with the Social Democrats.

还有一种可能是，自由党可能尝试与社民党组建联盟政府。

The Social Democrats’ share of the vote was better than many in the party had feared and was a slight improvement on its 2013 result, which was its worst in the postwar era.

社民党的得票率好于党内许多人担心的情况，与2013年选举结果相比也略有改善——那年该党的选举结果是战后最差的。

The Freedom party was in government in Austria from 2000 to 2005 — but its disastrous performance then resulted in its support among voters plummeting.

自由党曾在2000年至2005年加入奥地利联合政府，但该党的灾难性表现导致其在选民中的支持率暴跌。

Support surged, however, after Europe’s migration crisis, which erupted two years ago. During the election campaign Mr Strache warned of Austria’s “Islamification”.

然而，在两年前欧洲爆发移民危机之后，该党的支持率飙升。斯特拉赫在竞选活动中警告，奥地利可能“伊斯兰化”。