绿色和平组织称，化石燃料空气污染每天给世界造成80亿美元的损失

绿色和平组织称，化石燃料空气污染每天给世界造成80亿美元的损失

Air pollution from burning fossil fuels – primarily coal, oil, and gas – is attributed to an estimated 4.5 million deaths each year worldwide and estimated economic losses of US$2.9 trillion, or approximately 3.3 per cent of global GDP, new research from Greenpeace Southeast Asia and the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) shows. The report is the first of its kind to assess the global cost of air pollution from fossil fuels.

绿色和平东南亚组织和能源与清洁空气研究中心(CREA)的最新研究显示，燃烧化石燃料(主要是煤炭、石油和天然气)造成的空气污染，估计每年导致全球450万人死亡，估计经济损失2.9万亿美元，约占全球GDP的3.3%。这份报告是第一份评估化石燃料造成的全球空气污染成本的报告。

Minwoo Son, clean air campaigner at Greenpeace East Asia, said: “Air pollution is a threat to our health and our economies. Every year, air pollution from fossil fuels takes millions of lives, increases our risk of stroke, lung cancer and asthma, and costs us trillions of dollars.

绿色和平东亚清洁空气倡导者孙民宇说：“空气污染对我们的健康和经济构成威胁。每年，化石燃料造成的空气污染夺走了数百万人的生命，增加了我们患中风、肺癌和哮喘的风险，并给我们造成了数万亿美元的损失。

"But this is a problem that we know how to solve by transitioning to renewable energy sources, phasing out diesel and petrol cars, and building public transport. We need to take into account the real cost of fossil fuels, not just for our rapidly heating planet, but also for our health."

“但这是一个我们知道如何通过过渡到可再生能源、逐步淘汰柴油和汽油汽车以及建设公共交通来解决的问题。我们需要考虑化石燃料的实际成本，不仅是为了我们快速变暖的地球，也是为了我们的健康。”

Key findings:

关键发现：

An estimated 40.000 children die before their fifth birthday because of exposure to PM2.5 pollution from fossil fuels, primarily in low-income countries.

据估计，主要在低收入国家，有4万名儿童因暴露于化石燃料造成的PM2.5污染而在5岁生日前死亡。

NO2. a byproduct of fossil fuel combustion in vehicles, power plants and factories, is linked to roughly 4 million new cases of asthma in children each year, with approximately 16 million children worldwide living with asthma due to exposure to NO2 pollution from fossil fuels.

NO2是车辆、发电厂和工厂燃烧化石燃料的副产品，每年与大约400万新的儿童哮喘病例有关，全球约有1600万儿童因暴露于化石燃料的NO2污染而患有哮喘。

PM2.5 air pollution from fossil fuels is attributed to roughly 1.8 billion days of work absence due to illness each year worldwide, equating to approximate annual economic losses of US$101 billion.

化石燃料造成的PM2.5空气污染，每年全球因病缺勤约18亿天，相当于每年经济损失约1010亿美元。

China Mainland, the United States and India bear the highest costs from fossil fuel air pollution worldwide, at an estimated US$900 billion, US$600 billion and US$150 billion per year, respectively.

中国大陆、美国和印度是全球化石燃料空气污染成本最高的国家，每年分别为9000亿美元、6000亿美元和1500亿美元。

Phasing out fossil fuels brings financial and health benefits. According to a study published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, every US$1 invested under the United States Clean Air Act yielded at least US$30 in return.

逐步淘汰化石燃料带来了经济和健康方面的好处。根据美国环保署发表的一项研究，根据美国的《清洁空气法》每投资1美元，最少可赚取30美元的回报。

Likewise, a weekly car-free day in Bogota, Colombia yielded US$3.20 to US$4.30 in health benefits for every US$1 invested in the programme, according to a study published in the Journal of Urban Health.

同样，根据发表在《城市卫生杂志》上的一项研究，哥伦比亚波哥大每周的无车日每投资1美元，就能获得3.20至4.30美元的医疗福利。

“Governments must halt the construction of new coal-fired power plants and retire existing plants, invest in public transport systems, and transition to renewable energy as quickly as possible. Around the world people are demanding clean air, and governments must take action”, said Bondan Andriyanu, climate and energy campaigner at Greenpeace Indonesia.

“各国政府必须停止建设新的燃煤电厂，淘汰现有电厂，投资公共交通系统，并尽快过渡到可再生能源。印尼绿色和平组织的气候和能源活动家不丹安德彦努说：“世界各地的人们都在要求清洁的空气，政府必须采取行动。”