第13章 动词句型 13.6 第五类句型——主语 + 及物动词 + 复合宾语
13.6 第五类句型——主语+及物动词+复合宾语
13.6.1 主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词（作补语）（37）
1) 这类句子很多，最常用的跟复合宾语的动词大致有下面这些（见黑体部分）：
He found his new job rather boring. 他发现他的新工作相当乏味。
Sit down and make yourself comfortable. 坐下来，不要拘束。
He got his clothes wet. 他把衣服弄湿了。
She painted the walls light blue. 她把墙漆成了淡蓝色。
Good food keeps you healthy. 良好的饮食使人健康。
I thought her so nice and sincere. 我认为她为人很好，很诚恳。
I felt myself unworthy of the praise. 我感到自己不配受这样的赞扬。
Do you consider him trustworthy? 你认为他值得信赖吗？
She dyed her hair brown. 她把头发染成了棕色。
Finally they set him free. 最后他们释放了他。
The accused man declared himself innocent. 被告宣称自己是无辜的。
They didn't believe such a thing possible. 他们认为这样的事不可能。
I like my tea very hot (strong). 我喜欢喝热（浓）茶。
She pushed the door open. 她把门推开了。
He beat her black and blue. 他打得她青一块紫一块。
The noise was driving him mad (crazy). 这声音使他受不了。
Facts have proved these worries groundless. 事实证明这些忧虑是没有根据的。
I wish you well. 我希望你身体健康。
He counted himself fortunate to have such an opportunity. 他认为自己有这样的机会很幸运。
They may hold you responsible for the consequence. 他们可能要你对后果负责。
2) 有时可用it 作形式上的宾语，而把真正的宾语放后面去，构成复合宾语的可以是不定式（a）或是从句（b）：
a． I felt it necessary to make everything clear. 我感到有必要说清楚一切。
They judged it better to put the meeting off. 他们认为把会议延期更好一些。
I don't think it possible to finish everything in one week. 我认为一周内完成一切不可能。
He found it difficult to satisfy their needs. 他发现要满足他们的需要不容易。
She deemed it unwise to quit now. 她认为现在离职不明智。
b． Germany made it clear that she would support OPEC. 德国表明它要支持石油输出国组织。
I think it best that you should stay with us. 我想最好你和我们一起住。
They kept it quiet that he was dead. 他们未对外公开他死亡的消息。
I think it likely that we will get a certain amount of money. 我想我们很可能会得到一笔钱。
13.6.2 主语+及物动词+宾语+名词（作补语）（38）
1) 这种结构也相当多：
They called their daughter Mary. 他们给女儿取名叫玛丽。
They named the city Leningrad. 他们把这座城市命名为列宁格勒。
We elected Smith our chairman. 我们选史密斯为主席。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. （谚）只工作不玩耍，聪明小孩也变傻。
They appointed him chairman of the committee. 他们任命他为主任委员。
The President nominated him Ambassador to China. 总统任命他为驻华大使。
We all consider the book a masterpiece. 我们都认为这本书是一杰作。
The doctor thought that a good sign. 医生认为这是一个好现象。
They kept their marriage a secret. 他们对结婚保密。
Shelley counted this experience a part of his education. 雪莱把这段经历看作是他经受的一段教育。
They christened the ship the Queen Mary. 他们把这艘船命名为玛丽皇后号。
The King dubbed him a knight. 国王授予他骑士称号。
We all voted the trip a great success. 我们一致认为这次旅行很成功。
I now pronounce you man and wife. 我现在宣布你们为夫妇。
The people acclaimed him King. 人民拥戴他为国王。
The judge declared the contest a tie. 裁判宣布这次比赛不分胜负。
2) 这类动词后也可用先行词it作形式上的宾语，而把真正的宾语放到句子后部去：
He felt it his duty to mention this to her. 他感到有责任向她提及此事。
He made it a rule to go jogging every morning. 他规定自己每天早上慢跑锻炼。
We thought it our duty to help them. 我们认为有责任帮助他们。
I consider it a privilege to work in your country. 我认为在贵国工作很是荣幸。
I shall always count it an honour to have known you. 认识了你我将永远感到荣幸。
I felt it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. 我母亲要没完没了地干苦活我感到太可怕了。
3) 这类句子也常可用于被动结构（后面部分可说是复合谓语）：
This is called numerical control. 这被称为数码控制。
The book is entitled "Pilgrim's Progress". 这书书名是《天路历程》。
He was voted a model worker. 他被公认为劳动模范。
The play may be termed a tragi-comedy. 这个戏可以称为悲喜剧。
She was christened Janet. 她洗礼时被命名为珍妮特。
She was nicknamed "Little Rabbit". 她的绰号叫“小白兔”。
13.6.3 主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语（作补语）（39）
1) 这类句子中的介词短语为宾语的补语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语，不少动词后可跟这类结构：
I found her in better spirits when we met again. 再次见面时我发现她情绪好些了。
They kept him in custody. 他们把他拘留了。
He put his books in order. 他把他的书整理好了。
The news of his safe arrival set my mind at rest. 他平安到达的消息使我放宽了心。
The strike left the railway system in confusion. 罢工使铁路系统陷于一片混乱。
They all held him in great esteem (contempt). 他们都很尊敬（鄙视）他。
This placed her in a very difficult position. 这使她处境很困难。
They always consider themselves in the right. 他们总认为自己是对的。
They soon got the fire under control. 他们很快把火势控制住了。
He wished himself out of the affair. 他真希望自己未参与此事。
This will bring us all into harmony. 这会使我们都和睦起来。
She cried herself to sleep at last. 她哭着哭着最后睡着了。
They declared themselves for (against) the plan. 他们宣布支持（反对）这项计划。
She tried to talk her husband out of going. 她试图劝说丈夫不要去。
We'll be glad to help them over their difficulties. 我们将乐意帮助他们克服困难。
2) 这类句子也可用于被动结构，下面斜体部分可说是复合谓语：
The thief was found in possession of a large quantity of stolen property. 这小偷被发现藏有大量赃物。
He was kept in custody for two days. 他被拘留了两天。
She was soon set at liberty. 他不久被释放了。
The treaty is still considered in force. 这条约仍被视为有效。
Those regulations will be put into force next week. 这些规定下周开始生效。
I was left without a ray of hope. 我处于毫无希望的境地。
The fire was soon got under control. 火势不久就控制住了。
It was taken for granted that they would come and join us. 大家理所当然地认为他们会来参加我们的活动。
13.6.4 主语+及物动词+宾语+副词（作补语）（40）
1) 有些动词后可跟带副词的复合宾语：
I'm having some friends over for bridge tomorrow. 明天我有些朋友来打桥牌。
We went to her house but found her out. 我们到他家去，但发现她不在家。
She wished herself home. 她希望自己在家就好了。
Don't leave me behind. 别把我留下。
It's my own act. Why do you bring my mother in? 这是我自己干的，干吗把我妈扯进来？
Get me home at once. 快让我回家。
Congress voted the bill down. 国会否决了这项法案。
She has slept her headache off. 她一觉把头疼睡好了。
I didn't expect you back so soon. 我没料到你这么快回来。
Why don't you turn the TV on? 你为什么不开电视？
He is sure to help us through. 他一定会帮助我们渡过难关。
They declared the war over. 他们宣布战争结束。
By citing more examples, he drove his points home. 他举出更多的例子阐明了自己的论点。
I won't let him down in any way. 我不会做任何对不起他的事。
Please count me in (out) on the project. 请让我参加（别让我参加）这个项目。
2) 这种结构有时也可用于被动形式，斜体部分可说是复合谓语：
My bag has been left behind. 我的包忘拿了。
The suggestion was voted down. 这项建议被否决了。
The war was declared over. 战争被宣布结束。
This point should be driven home. 这一点应当讲清楚。
Why are these lights left on? 这些灯为什么没关？
He was often asked round to play cards with us. 他常被请来和我们打牌。
13.6.5 主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式（作补语）（41）
1) 有大量动词可跟这种复合结构：
What do you advise me to do? 你建议我怎么做？
You should get them to help you. 你应当请他们来帮你。
Don't allow yourself to indulge in false hopes. 别让自己沉迷于幻想。
We requested him to put a stop to such activities. 我们请求他终止这种活动。
At the meeting they invited me to speak. 在会上他们邀请我发言。
He liked a boy to be conscientious in his work. 他喜欢男孩子工作认真。
My heart compelled me to come. 我的勇气驱使我来。
Circumstances forced them to adopt this policy. 环境迫使他们采取这一政策。
Ill health obliged him to retire at an early age. 身体不好迫使他早早退休了。
I wish you to be happy. 我希望你快乐。
I hated this to have happened. 我不愿意发生这种事。
I should prefer him to do it in a different way. 我倒愿意他以另一种方式做这事。
He instructed me to come to work earlier. 他嘱咐我早点上班。
Permit me to explain. 请允许我解释一下。
Remind me to write that letter, will you? 提醒我写这封信，好吗？
He ordered (commanded) the soldiers to retreat. 他命令士兵们往后撤。
They warned us not to swim in that river. 他们警告我们不要在那条河里游泳。
He urged me to join their company. 他催促我加入他们的公司。
Heating a copper bar will cause it to expand. 加热铜条会使其膨胀。
She could not bring herself to tell him about Vesta. 她无法让自己把维斯塔的事告诉他。
关于这类结构可参阅第12.1.5节。
2) 在某些动词后，这类不定式只限于用to be这种形式（a），但可用其他动词不定式的完成形式或进行形式（b）：
a． We thought him to be an honest man. 我们认为他是老实人。
Do you consider that to be important? 你认为这重要吗？
Suppose (Imagine) this grain of sand to be the universe. 设想这粒沙子就是宇宙。
She found this to be true in all the cities she visited. 她发现她访问的城市都是这种情况。
They believed Aziz to be innocent. 他们相信阿齐斯是无辜的。
They suspected her to be my sister. 他们疑心她是我妹妹。
I understand him to be willing to help. 我听说他愿意帮忙。
He proved himself to be a coward. 他证实自己是一个懦夫。
We all felt the plan to be unwise. 我们都觉得这计划不明智。
b． He believed them to have discussed the problem. 他相信他们讨论过这个问题。
She suspected me to have done it. 她怀疑这事是我干的。
I judged them to have finished. 我估计他们已经干完了。
They suspected him to be dying. 他们怀疑他命已垂危。
He believed her to be telling the truth. 他相信她讲的是真话。
They thought him to be hiding in the woods. 他们认为他躲在树林里。
He considered the situation there to be deteriorating. 他认为那里的局势正在恶化。
3) 这类句子也常可用于被动结构，这时句子可说包含了一个复合谓语：
They were not allowed to see him. 他们未获准去看他。
I was asked to go with them. 他们请我和他们一道去。
Nelson was instructed to sail for Naples. 纳尔逊接到指示向那不勒斯航行。
She was obliged to abandon the idea. 她被迫放弃这个想法。
He was cautioned to speak as little as possible. 有人告诫他尽量少说话。
She was discovered to be quite trustworthy. 他们发现她很值得信赖。
Passengers were requested to fasten their seatbelts. 请乘客们系好安全带。
He was forced (obliged) to postpone his visit. 他被迫推迟他的访问。
4) 个别成语动词后也可跟这类复合宾语：
He called on Jack to answer the difficult question. 他叫杰克回答这个难题。
We'll prevail upon her to attend the concert. 我们将劝说她去听这个音乐会。
I'm counting on you to support us. 我指望你支持我们。
I longed for her to come and join us. 我盼望她来参加我们的活动。
He motioned to them to sit down. 他做手势让他们坐下。
We are waiting for the rain to stop. 我们在等雨停下来。
We depend on you to do it. 我们依靠你来完成这事。
He pleaded with me to go back. 他恳求我回去。
13.6.6 主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式（作补语）（42）
1) 有些动词后面的复合宾语中包含一个不带to的不定式：
What makes you tremble so? 什么让你抖成这样？
We can't let this go on. 我们不能让这事继续下去。
I'm going to have her live with us soon. 我准备不久让她和我们一起住。
I saw Martin's face go pale. 我看见马丁的脸变得苍白。
We had never heard her sing like that before. 我们以前从未听她这样唱过歌。
Did you notice him come in? 你有没有注意到他进来？
I watched her go off with amazement. 我惊异地瞧着她走掉了。
Suddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense. 突然我们感到气氛变得紧张起来。
在help后的不定式可带to，也可不带to（美国人不加to时比较多）：
I will help her (to) solve the problem. 我将帮助她解决这个问题。
2) 在被动结构中不定式一概带有to：
He was made to recite the whole poem. 他们让他把整首诗都背出来。
He was seen to fall. 有人看见他跌倒。
She was often heard to sing this song. 人们常听见她唱这首歌。
13.6.7 主语+及物动词+宾语+现在分词（作补语）（43）
1) 有些动词后面可跟带现在分词的复合结构：
He found Helen knitting there. 他看见海伦在那里织毛线。
I saw her chatting with Nancy. 我看见她在和南希聊天。
She could hear the rain pattering against the windows. 她能听到雨敲打着窗子。
He noticed a crowd of people shouting and cheering. 他注意到一群人在喊叫欢呼。
I could smell trouble coming. 我能感觉到麻烦即将来临。
He felt Jamie watching him. 他感觉到杰米在注视他。
She had kept him waiting twenty minutes on this occasion. 这次她让他等了二十分钟。
They watched the sun setting behind the trees. 他们瞧着太阳在树林后缓缓下沉。
They walked off and left me sitting there. 他们走了，只剩我坐在那里。
The lecturer soon got us thinking. 讲课的人很快就让我们思考起来。
The cries brought the neighbours running. 喊叫声使邻居们纷纷跑来。
I should like to catch them saying a word against me! 别让我抓住他们说我一句坏话！
Can you imagine me doing such a thing? 你能想像我做这样的事吗？
I can't understand you keeping a thing like this to yourself. 我不能理解你怎么把这样一件事瞒着别人。
He doesn't like people praising him. 他不喜欢听人赞扬他。
This news started me thinking. 这消息使我深思。
I hate you being unhappy. 我不愿意你不快乐。
I remember him, as a child, playing the piano beautifully. 我记得他小时候弹一手好钢琴。
在listento 和lookat 后面也可跟这种复合宾语：
Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone. 有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管。
She looked at him waiting there. 她瞧着他等在那里。
2) 这类句子有时也可用于被动结构：
Voices were heard calling for help. 听见有人呼救。
She was seen speaking to a policeman. 有人见她在和一位警察说话。
He was kept working all day. 他整天被逼着干活。
She was found jogging in the park. 有人看见她在公园里跑步。
They were caught trespassing on private land. 有人撞见他们进入私人地界。
Only one of its walls was left standing. 它只剩一堵墙还立在那里。
关于这类结构可参阅第12.3.4节。
13.6.8 主语+及物动词+宾语+过去分词（作补语）（44）
1) 有些动词可跟带过去分词的复合宾语：
I have heard it said that he is a miser. 我听人说他是个吝啬鬼。
I have seen that method applied by many people. 我曾见过很多人使用这种方法。
He watched the piano carried upstairs. 他看着钢琴被搬上楼去。
They found themselves stranded at the airport. 他们发现自己被困在飞机场了。
You have to get a photograph taken. 你得去照一张像。
Father's had his hands burned. 爸把手烫了。
I noticed his car parked outside. 我注意到他的车停在外面。
We want the work finished by Friday. 我们希望这工作周五之前完成。
We wished the problem settled outside the court. 我们希望这问题在庭外解决。
You must make yourself respected. 你必须使自己受到尊重。
He kept his eyes shut and stayed where he was. 他一直闭着眼睛坐在原处。
She left the ironing undone and went bowling. 她衣服没熨完就去打保龄球了。
He felt himself compelled to take this action. 他感到自己被迫采取这个行动。
Everyone considered it greatly improved. 大家都认为它大有改进。
The convention declared itself dissolved. 会议宣布解散。
2) 其中有少数可用于被动结构：
Jones was found shot in the head. 琼斯被发现头部中了弹。
My patient can't be left unattended. 不能让我的病人没人照顾。
They are considered underpaid. 大家认为他们工资偏低。
You will be kept informed of what's going on here. 将让你随时了解这儿发生的情况。
关于这类结构可参阅第12.4.4节。
