第25章　省略句 25.3　复合句中的省略

25.3　复合句中的省略

25.3.1　对话中的省略句

1) 在对话中有些句子可能有词省略，特别是包含宾语从句的句子：

Will it rain tomorrow? ——I hope not. 明天会下雨吗？ ——我希望别下。

Can I use your car tonight? ——Sorry, you can't. I'm using it myself. 今晚我能用你的车吗？ ——对不起，不行。我自己要用。

His father came here yesterday. ——Yes, I know. 他爸昨天回来了。——我知道。

That will cost more money. "I see." “那样会花更多的钱？”“我明白了？”

When will Mum be back? ——Who knows. 妈什么时候回来？ ——谁知道。

2) 有时可用so代表前面说的话，这不是省略句，但作用接近省略句：

Are we late? ——I'm afraid so. 我们迟到了吗？ ——我想是的。

Will it be fine tomorrow? ——I hope so. 明天会是晴天吗？ ——我希望会。

Is she coming? ——I think (don't think) so. 她会来吗？ ——我想会（不会）来。

Shakespeare was born in 1564, wasn't he? ——I believe so. 莎士比亚是1564年生的，对吗？——我认为是的。

I suppose you'll be going to the meeting? ——Yes, I suppose so. 我想你会参加这次会议的吧？——是的，我想我会。

这种现象称为替代（Substitution）。

3) 还有一些其他类型的省略复合句：

Is everything going all right? ——Not so well as I expected. 一切都进展顺利吗？——不像我预期的那样好。

Do they make glass fiber? ——Not any that I know of. 他们生产玻璃纤维吗？——据我知道不生产。

Did you know anything about it? ——Not until you told me. 这件事你知道吗？——你告诉我后才知道。

Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? ——Unless it rains. 我们明天去野餐吗？——要是天不下雨的话。

Shall we stop over in Shenzhen? ——Yes, if time permits. 我们要不要在深圳停留？——如果时间允许就停留。

25.3.2　状语从句中的省略

状语从句中省略一些词是非常普通的现象。通常省略主语和系动词（如果主语与主句主语相同则可能省略），大部分从句中都可以有省略结构，如：

1) 时间状语从句：

Often she would weep when (she was) alone. 她一个人时常常哭泣。

He had an accident while on his way here. 他在来这里的路上出了车祸。

Even as a girl she showed great promise as a pianist. 她从小就显露出有望成为钢琴家。

Whenever possible, the children should play outside in the fresh air. 任何时间只要可能就该让孩子们到户外玩耍，那里空气新鲜。

A friend is never known till needed. 患难之中见真交。

Once in the examination hall, you would forget all such trivialities. 一进考场，这样的细节你都会忘记。

2) 条件状语从句：

If necessary, ring me at home. 如有必要可往我家里打电话。

If in doubt, ask at your local library. 若有疑问，可向当地图书馆查询。

He would never do this unless compelled. 他绝不会这样做，除非是被迫。

3) 让步状语从句：

Though not large, the room was well lit. 房间虽不大却很亮堂。

Although still young, he's going very grey. 他虽然年纪还轻，头发却已灰白。

Things were beginning to improve, even if not quickly enough. 情况开始改善，尽管速度不够快。

4) 方式状语从句：

As expected, the afforestation movement rapidly spread. 如预料的那样，造林运动迅速展开了。

He glanced about as if in search of something. 他四下张望，仿佛在找什么东西似的。

She waited as though for a reply. 她等了等，似乎在等候回答。

5) 地点状语从句：

Fill in blanks with articles where necessary. 在必要的地方用冠词填空。

They tried to acquire colonies where possible. 在可能的地方他们就设法夺取殖民地。

Avoid structures of this kind wherever possible. 任何地方只要可能就要避免这种结构。

They believed in the application of force wherever and whenever necessary.在任何地方任何时间，只要必要他们就主张使用武力。

6) 比较状语从句（省略的方式与其他状语从句不同）：

The profits are greater than the losses (are). 利润大于损失。

He has more time than me (I do). 他的时间比我多。

He loved her more than ever. 他比过去更爱她了。

It's even hotter today than yesterday. 今天比昨天更热了。

He was almost as tall as his father. 他几乎有他父亲那样高了。

She was as interested in art as ever. 她对艺术的兴趣一如既往。

I shall come along as often as possible. 我将尽量多来。

7) 有些让步状语从句有特殊的省略方式：

In our company, everybody is well taken care of, no matter what his position (is). 在我们公司，人人都得到很好的照顾，不管他地位如何。

Anyone, no matter who (he is), may point out our shortcomings. 我们的缺点，不管是什么人，谁向我们指出都行。

The country is always beautiful whatever the season (is). 这一带的田野，不管什么季节，都那样美丽。

We're going to the seaside whatever the weather. 不管天气如何，我们都要去海滨。

I refuse, however favourable the condition. 不管条件多好我都不接受。

25.3.3　一些其他的省略复合句

1) 有些复合句的主句中有词省略：

(Is there) Anything you want to add? 还有什么你要补充吗？

(Is there) Anyone wishing to join the book club? 有谁想参加读书俱乐部？

(It's) Too bad you can't stay any longer. 你不能再多待真遗憾。

(It's) So nice you're all for the idea. 太好了，你们都赞成这个想法。

(It's) Strange no one knows anything about it. 真奇怪，没人知道这件事。

(I'm) Sorry, the line is busy. 对不起，占线了。

(I) Hope you'll enjoy your stay here. 希望你在这儿过得愉快。

(I) Don't know when she'll be back. 不知道她什么时候回来。

I would (do it) if I could. 如果我能做到我会做的。

2) 一些复合句的从句中可以有词省略：

Will he check in his luggage? ——I believe not. 他的行李会托运吗？——我想不会。

Will she speak at the meeting? ——I don't think she will. 她会在会上发言吗？ ——我想不会。

Will they accept these terms? ——I guess not. 他们会接受这些条件吗？——我猜不会。

At last they did as we told them to. 最后他们照我们的话做了。

We'll do all we can to fulfil our task. 我们将尽一切可能完成任务。

We won't postpone the trip unless we have to. 除非不得已我们不会推迟这次旅行。

We'll raise more fund for the project if we can. 如果可能我们将为这项计划多筹集一点经费。

Don't tell me if you don't want to. 如果你不想告诉我就别说。

I'll pay for the hotel, if you will for the food. 如果你付伙食费，我会付旅馆住宿费。

His opinion, whether right or wrong, should be considered. 他的意见，不管对还是错，都应当考虑。