LECTURE 100 基本动词 HOLD 3

LECTURE 100 基本动词 HOLD 3

词组讲解

1. hold out for sb. or sth. / hold out ***坚持要求

解 短语动词；词义溯源：坚持［到最后为止（out）］

例 The famous basketball player is reported refusing to play this season unless the team's owners agree to pay him a $1. 5 million bonus. A spokesman for the owners denied the rumor, but several anonymous sources within the team itself confirmed that the player is holding out for the bonus.

2. hold out the olive branch **提议停止纷争，提出和解

解 习语；词义溯源：拿出［橄榄枝（olive branch）］

例 The potential benefits of peace are so great that each side should be rushing to hold out the olive branch. Peace would give birth to an era of economic growth unmatched in the history of the region and rapidly bring both countries to the ranks of industrialized nations.

3. hold sb. accountable for sth. / hold sb. accountable **认为有责任；指责

解 习语；词义溯源：坚持某人对某事［有责任（accountable）］

例 Investigator of the AmTrak accident that happened several days ago have yet to hold any AmTrak official accountable for the derailment, although they have noted several gross violations of safety standards that may have contributed to the tragedy.

4. hold sth. over one's head ***威胁，恐吓

解 短语动词；词义溯源：在某人的［头部（head）］［上方（over）］拿着某物

例 Lisa's the kind of girl who likes to keep her husband under her control by holding divorce over his head all the time. If she doesn't get what she wants or he does the slightest thing wrong, she starts talking about leaving him.

5. hold up sb. or sth. / hold sb. or sth. up as an example **把…当做好榜样；举出；展示

解 习语；词义溯源：把某人或某物作为［榜样、模范（example）］［向上（up）］支撑

例 White House officials are holding the Middle East peace agreement up as an example of their successful handling of foreign policy in response to Republican attacks on the President's performance.

巩固练习

(A) holding out for

(B) hold out the olive branch

(C) hold accountable for

(D) hold...over our heads

(E) hold...up as an example

1. A: Why should we always be the ones who ______ first? B: We're a powerful nation. If we express a wish or make gestures of goodwill that show we want to make peace, it's viewed as something noble, not embarrassing.

2. A: I say let's not agree to any offer, no matter how good it is, until they offer us all ten days of guaranteed, fully-paid vacation. B: I agree the vacation is important and worth ______. However, I recommend accepting the latest offer and trying for the vacation next year.

3. A: You're just saying we should accept the offer because management has been threatening to close down the factory if we don't. Where's your courage, Vincent? Can't you see what they're doing? Every time we strike, they ______ this ______. We've got to be strong. We've got to show them we're not afraid of their threats. B: I'm afraid I can't agree with you—and neither can the majority of workers.

4. A: Don't try to assign responsibility for the boy's behavior to me! B: You're his guardian—who else can we ______ him?

5. A: Thomas is an exemplary young man who's done this school proud . We ought to ______ him ______ for all the other students to emulate. B: Yes, but let's not overdo it. I agree we should point to him as an example of a good student, but if we're not careful, the praise and recognition could go to his head .

■ ANSWER

1. (B)

2. (A)

3. (D)

4. (C)

5. (E)

参考译文

I. 1. 据报道，这位著名篮球运动员本赛季拒绝出场，除非球队老板同意支付150万美元的奖金。球队老板的发言人澄清了这一传言，但球队内部不愿透露姓名的人士确认这名运动员坚持要求这笔奖金。

2. 由于和平将带来很多可能的好处，双方应该尽快提出和解。和平将会使这一地区进入历史上前所未有的经济发展时期，并快速使两国步入工业化国家的行列。

3. 关于几天前美国铁路公司发生的事故，尽管调查人员已经注意到有多项可能引起此次惨剧的严重违反安全标准的行为，但他们还是认为美国铁路公司的任何官员都可能对此次列车脱轨的惨剧有责任。

4. 丽萨总喜欢用离婚来威胁她丈夫，以达到控制他的目的。如果她没有得到想要的，或者他做了一点点错事，她就开始说要离开他。

5. 白宫官员将中东和平协议作为他们成功执行外交政策的例子，并以此回应共和党人对总统执政业绩的攻击。

II. 1. A：为什么总是我们先提出和解？B：我们是一个强国。如果我们表达了希望和平的意愿或作出寻求和平的举动，这将被视为高尚之举，而不是尴尬之事。

2. A：我认为不论提出的条件有多好，我们都不能答应，除非他们保证提供十天的带薪假期。B：我也觉得假期非常重要，值得我们坚持。但是我建议我们接受最新的条件，明年再争取假期。

3. A：就因为管理层威胁说如果我们不接受就关闭工厂，你就说我们要接受提议。你的勇气哪去了，文森特？你不知道他们在做什么吗？每次我们罢工的时候，他们都以此要挟。我们得强势一点。我们得让他们知道我们并不害怕他们的威胁。B：我恐怕不能同意你的想法——估计大多数工人都不会同意。

4. A：别想让我为那小子的行为负责！B：你是他的监护人——不然我们还能让谁为他负责？

5. A：托马斯是为学校争光的典范。我们应该把他树立为全体学生学习的榜样。B：是的，但是不要做得太过。我同意把他作为好学生树立为榜样，但是如果我们不够小心的话，表扬和认可可能冲昏他的头脑。