这个周末睡个懒觉——你可能会活得更长

这个周末睡个懒觉——你可能会活得更长

Your pets may be pestering you to get up and feed them, and your spouse may want you to get started on that do list, but tell them you're sleeping in this weekend. Science says it may help you live longer, especially if you don't get enough rest during the week.

你的宠物可能会缠着你起床喂它们，而你的配偶可能想让你开始着手必做清单，但告诉他们你这个周末要睡觉了。科学表明，这可能会帮助你活得更久，特别是如果你在一周内没有得到足够休息的时候。

Scientists have long known about the connection between how much you sleep and how long you live. Lack of sleep can have dire consequences for your health. It can give you heart problems or hurt your waistline, and it can leave you anxious and depressed. But sleeping too much can be just as bad for your health, studies have found.

科学家们早就知道睡眠时间和寿命之间的关系。睡眠不足会对你的健康造成可怕的后果。它会给你带来心脏问题或腰部受伤，还会让你焦虑和抑郁。但研究发现，睡得太多也会对你的健康有害。

However, research has often overlooked what happens on your days off, said sleep researcher Torbjörn Åkerstedt, co-author of a study published in the Journal of Sleep Research.

然而，发表在《睡眠研究杂志》上一项研究报告的合著者、睡眠研究人员托比约恩·阿克斯泰特说，研究往往忽略了你休息时的情况。

He was "quite surprised" by what researchers found when they focused on that block of time.

他对研究人员在这段时间内的发现“相当惊讶”。

"Apparently, sleeping in on the weekends can be a real help," said Åkerstedt, a professor and director of the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University.

斯德哥尔摩大学压力研究所教授兼所长阿克斯泰特说:“显然，周末睡懒觉会有很大帮助。”

The study looked at 43,880 people in Sweden, asking them about their sleep habits and following up 13 years later. It found that people who regularly slept about five hours or less a night, including on weekends, saw a higher mortality rate, compared with those who regularly got seven hours. People who slept too much, regularly conking out for eight hours or longer a night, also had a worse mortality rate.

这项研究调查了瑞典的43880人，询问他们的睡眠习惯，并在13年后进行了跟踪调查。研究发现，与定期睡7小时的人相比，每晚睡眠不足5小时的人(包括周末)的死亡率更高。睡眠过多的人，每晚经常昏睡8小时或更长时间的人，死亡率也更低。

But when the short sleepers slept in on the weekends, their mortality rate did not differ from that of the consistent seven-hour-a-night sleepers. That was true only for those under 65; the mortality difference disappeared for people who were older.

但当短睡眠者在周末睡懒觉时，他们的死亡率与坚持每晚7小时睡眠的人没有什么不同。这只适用于65岁以下的人群;年龄再大些时死亡率差异消失了。

Åkerstedt notes that seven hours is not a hard and fast rule; some people might need more and others less.

阿克斯泰特指出，7小时并不是硬性规定;有些人可能需要更多，有些人则需要更少。

The study has its limitations, as participants were asked to recall their sleep patterns rather than being observed sleeping, but Åkerstedt has an idea about what might be driving this difference in mortality.

这项研究有其局限性，因为参与者被要求回忆他们的睡眠模式，而不是被观察睡觉，但阿克斯泰特对造成死亡率差异的原因有一个想法。

It's not so much about being able to store up sleep, but he thinks short sleepers who are changing their habits on the weekends are making up for some of what they lost during the week.

这并不是说能够储存睡眠，但他认为在周末改变习惯的短睡眠者正在弥补他们在一周中失去的一些东西。

Sleep is something you need to replenish regularly if you don't want to hurt your health. "It's a fundamental part of our biology, like breathing. It's a requirement," said Grandner, director of the Sleep and Health Research Program and an assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry in the University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson. He was not involved in the new study.

如果你不想伤害你的健康，你需要定期补充睡眠。“这是我们生物学的基本组成部分，就像呼吸一样。睡眠与健康研究项目主任、亚利桑那大学图森医学院精神病学系助理教授格兰德纳说:“这是一项必要条件。他没有参与这项新研究。

"What happens is, if you are well-rested, your sleep drive will be low in the morning, and it builds and builds over the day, when at night you need to go to bed to relieve that pressure for sleep. If you don't get enough sleep, you wake up with that sleep pressure and start the day with a higher need for it.

“如果你休息得很好，你的睡眠驱动力在早上会很低，它在一天中不断积累，晚上你需要睡觉来缓解睡眠压力。如果你没有得到足够的睡眠，你醒来时就会有这种睡眠压力，并新的一天对睡眠有更高的需求。”

"It's like with your diet. If you eat OK during the week and you splurge a little on the weekend, you probably aren't hurting your health, but if you eat crap all week, no amount of vegetables that you eat on the weekends can make up for that," he said.

“就像你的饮食一样。如果你在工作日吃得还不错，在周末稍微挥霍一下，你可能不会对你的健康造成伤害，但如果你整个星期都在吃垃圾食品，周末吃多少蔬菜都无法弥补这一点，”他说。