FT社评：昂山素季没能通过“罗兴亚”考验
民主偶像、缅甸的事实领袖昂山素季(Aung San Suu Kyi)在周二经受了她人生中最大的考验之一：在一场国际直播的电视讲话中回应有关缅甸军方搞种族清洗的指控。上周末，联合国秘书长安东尼奥•古特雷斯(António Guterres)就说，在形势变得“极端可怕”之前，她有“最后一个机会”阻止军方的攻击。她的机会来了又走了，她没能通过这场考验。
In a speech that lacked humanity or compassion, she refused to mention the word “Rohingya”, the majority Muslim ethnic group being targeted, except in the context of a militant group involved in the violence. Her attempts to draw equivalence between sporadic militant attacks and what she euphemistically referred to as the military’s “clearance operations” echoed the controversial “both sides” comments Donald Trump made in the wake of white supremacist rallies in Charlottesville, Virginia.
在这场缺乏人道主义精神和同情心的讲话中，除了在谈到一支涉及暴力活动的武装组织的语境中，她一直不肯提到“罗兴亚人”一词，罗兴亚人是此次遭到攻击的族群，多数为穆斯林。她试图将武装分子发起的零星袭击与她委婉提到的缅甸军方“清剿行动”同等视之，与唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)在弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔白人至上主义集会之后所发表的、引起争议的“双方一样”的言论如出一辙。
She appears incapable of distancing herself from the views of many majority Buddhists in Myanmar who believe Rohingya, who do not have citizenship in the country, are an alien terrorist group that needs to be “dealt with”.
缅甸人多数为佛教徒，其中许多人认为罗兴亚人——在缅甸没有公民身份——是外来恐怖组织，需要被“处理”。昂山素季似乎无法与这种观点保持距离。
According to human rights groups and the UN, there is overwhelming evidence that Myanmar’s security services are engaged in a campaign of ethnic cleansing. More than 400,000 people have fled Myanmar’s western Rakhine state into Bangladesh, one of the world’s poorest countries.
据人权团体和联合国的消息，有确凿证据显示缅甸安全部门正在进行种族清洗运动。缅甸西部若开邦已有40多万人逃往孟加拉国——世界上最贫穷的国家之一。
Aung San Suu Kyi was silent on the role of the security forces in her speech, which Amnesty International described as “a mix of untruths and victim blaming”. The Lady should be condemned for her continued refusal to acknowledge the atrocities being carried out under her watch. Her fall from grace in the eyes of the international community may have been inevitable, considering the way in which she was deified and turned into a made-for-Hollywood symbol of liberal western values. The story of this brave woman with the British accent sticking up to the evil Burmese generals was seductive. But Aung San Suu Kyi was never going to provide all the answers to the litany of troubles afflicting her country. And, as she said in her speech, the Rohingya issue has overwhelmed all other issues facing the government.
昂山素季在讲话中对缅甸安全部门的角色保持沉默——大赦国际(Amnesty International)称这场讲话是“谎话以及对受害者的指责”。“夫人”仍拒绝承认在她掌管国家的情况下发生的暴行，她应为此受到谴责。考虑到她为什么会被偶像化、变成像是专为好莱坞打造的西方自由价值观象征，她在国际社会“失宠”可能已是无可避免的。这位带着英国口音的勇敢女性抵抗邪恶的缅甸将军们的故事很是扣人心弦。但昂山素季从不打算为所有困扰缅甸的一连串麻烦提供解决方案。而且，正如她在此次讲话中所说的，罗兴亚人问题已压倒了缅甸政府面临的所有其他问题。
That does not make her obfuscation acceptable. Rather it provides all the more reason for her to stand up, show empathy and vow to halt the bloodshed so she can address the country’s other challenges.
这并不能让她的模糊态度被接受。相反，这说明她更有理由去勇敢面对、展现同情，并誓言阻止流血事件，这样她才能腾出手来解决这个国家面临的其他挑战。
Even from a position of pure self-interest this would have been the appropriate thing to do. As recent attacks by militants show, the persecuted Rohingya are being radicalised and the potential for this conflict to draw in foreign fighters rises by the day. Aung San Suu Kyi’s feeble calls for peace and stability will do nothing to rein in the forces of ethno-nationalism and religious radicalisation that threaten to rip Southeast Asia apart.
即便纯粹从自身利益的角度出发，她也应该这样做。军方近期的攻击表明，受迫害的罗兴亚人正变得激进，而且这一冲突吸引外部作战人员介入的可能性也在日益增加。昂山素季对和平与稳定的无力呼吁，根本无法遏制种族国家主义和宗教激进主义势力，这些势力有可能将东南亚撕裂。
The potential for the Rohingya conflict to morph into a wider regional conflagration is sobering when you consider that Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar are majority Buddhist, while Bangladesh, Indonesia and Malaysia are mostly Muslim countries. Add in the potential flow of funding, fighters and support from places like Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, and the region looks even more combustible.
考虑到斯里兰卡、泰国、缅甸等国主要信仰佛教，而孟加拉国、印度尼西亚和马来西亚是以穆斯林为主的国家，这场围绕罗兴亚人的冲突演变为一场更大范围地区冲突的可能性令人深思。加上可能来自沙特阿拉伯、巴基斯坦等地的资金、作战人员和其他支持，这一地区看起来更像“火药桶”了。
No single person could be capable of resolving such a complicated and fast-moving crisis. But a strong and visionary leader could at least defuse the situation somewhat. The world has learnt that Aung San Suu Kyi is not that leader.
没有哪个人能够凭一己之力解决一场如此复杂而又瞬息万变的危机。但一个强有力、有远见的领导人至少可以让局势得到些许缓和。全世界已经看得明白，昂山素季不是这样的领导人。
