底特律的企业家们吸取过去的教训与粮食不安全作斗争

底特律的企业家们吸取过去的教训与粮食不安全作斗争

Fresh Corner Café sells loose fruits and fresh pre-packaged items like salads, sandwich wraps and fruit cups to corner stores, grocery stores and gas stations.

鲜角咖啡向街角商店、杂货店和加油站出售散装水果和新鲜的包装食品，如沙拉、三明治卷和水果杯。

On a cold, sunny day in early February, Raphael Wright and his business partner, Sonya Greene, check out a vacant building in Detroit's Linwood neighborhood. Inside, wood panels are on the floor, and drywall is being placed over exposed brick. The only clue to the building's past is a sign out front, with the words "Liquor, Beepers, and Check Cashing."

二月初一个寒冷、晴朗的日子，拉斐尔·赖特和他的商业伙伴索尼娅·格林在底特律林伍德社区查看一栋闲置的建筑。屋内，地上铺着木地板，裸露的砖块上贴着干纸板。关于这栋建筑的过去唯一的线索是外面的一块招牌，上面写着“酒水、传呼机、收银处”。

Located on the west side of Detroit, the Linwood neighborhood remains underdeveloped, with few retail businesses, countless empty lots and many vacant buildings. But Wright and Greene see potential here. It's why they've chosen this neighborhood to open a bodega that sells healthy food. Like other neglected neighborhoods in urban areas, fresh fruits and vegetables aren't a basic necessity here — they're a luxury.

位于底特律西侧的林伍德社区仍然不发达，几乎没有零售企业，有数不清的空地和许多闲置的建筑。但赖特和格林看到了这里的潜力。这就是为什么他们选择在这个社区开一家卖健康食品的杂货店。像其他被忽视的城市社区一样，新鲜的水果和蔬菜在这里基本上不是必需品而是奢侈品。

Wright says it's been that way since he was a kid.

赖特说，从他还是个孩子的时候就一直是这样。

"I was raised in the '90s, and I always say that we were junk food babies," he explains.

“我是在90年代长大的，我总是说我们是吃垃圾食品（长大）的婴儿，”他解释道。

"I'm a victim of food insecurity," he says. "I'm 30 years old. I was diagnosed with diabetes at 19, so before I was old enough to have a drink, I was diabetic."

“我是食品不安全的受害者，”他说。“我30岁了。我19岁时被诊断出患有糖尿病，所以在我大到足够可以喝酒之前，我就患上了糖尿病。”

Wright wants the bodega, tentatively named the Glendale Mini Mart, to be a pilot for a full-range grocery store he hopes to open in the future. The bodega will offer fresh produce, prepared foods and staple items. He says he hopes it will be part of a larger mixed-use development that will include a barber shop, a beauty salon and housing.

赖特希望这家暂时命名为“格兰代尔迷你超市”的杂货店成为他未来希望开设一家全系列杂货店的试点。杂货店将提供新鲜农产品、熟食和主食。他说，他希望这是一个更大的多功能开发项目的一部分，该项目将包括理发店、美容院和住房。

"This is my opportunity to not only service a community, but to show proof of this new, fresh concept of how to introduce healthier food access in our communities," Wright says.

赖特说：“这不仅是我为社区服务的机会，也是证明如何在我们的社区中引入更健康食品这一新概念的证据。”

Wright and Greene are not the first to recognize the importance of Detroit's African American residents having access to fresh, reasonably priced food. That awareness began more than 50 years ago, following the rebellion that rocked the city.

赖特和格林并不是第一个认识到在底特律的非裔美国人能够获得新鲜、价格合理的食物的重要性的人。这种意识始于50多年前，当时的叛乱撼动了这座城市。

In late July 1967, one of the deadliest and most destructive riots in this country's history took place in the Virginia Park neighborhood of Detroit. What started as a confrontation between black residents and the Detroit Police Department lasted five days and resulted in the deaths of 43 people. More than 2,000 buildings were looted, burned or destroyed.

1967年7月下旬，美国历史上最致命、最具破坏性的骚乱之一发生在底特律的弗吉尼亚公园附近。这场始于黑人居民和底特律警察局之间的冲突持续了5天，导致43人死亡。2000多座建筑物被洗劫、烧毁或摧毁。

The riots were the culmination of high levels of frustration, resentment and anger among African Americans due to unemployment, poverty, racial segregation, police brutality and lack of economic and education opportunities. However, there was something else not often discussed — food.

由于失业、贫困、种族隔离、警察暴力以及缺乏经济和教育机会，非洲裔美国人的挫折感、怨恨和愤怒达到了顶峰。然而，还有一种不常讨论的东西——食物。

According to Alex Hill, adjunct professor at Wayne State University in Detroit, there was a "fairly expansive hunger issue in the community" around that time. Hill's research on the '67 Rebellion looks at food, power and race.

根据底特律韦恩州立大学的副教授亚历克斯·希尔的说法，当时“社区中存在着相当普遍的饥饿问题”。希尔对67年叛乱的研究着眼于食物、权力和种族。

To get answers, nearly 400 suburban white women and inner-city black women were trained as undercover shoppers and sent to 300 grocery stores in the Detroit metro area. The main findings were that poor inner-city Detroiters were paying up to 20% more for lower-quality groceries. The survey also found that the quality of service, store condition, produce and meats in the city's chain and independent stores were not of average quality compared to upper- income and suburban stores.

为了得到答案，近400名住在郊区的白人女性和住在市中心的黑人女性被训练成卧底购物者，并被派往底特律市区的300家杂货店。调查的主要结果是，底特律市中心的穷人要多花20%的钱来购买质量较差的食品。调查还发现，与高收入和郊区商店相比，城市连锁店和独立商店的服务质量、商店条件、农产品和肉类的质量连中等水平都不如。

Hill says today, the choices available to black and white shoppers are still unequal. "In thinking about those disparities and access, those are still very much real. They may look different, but I'd say they're very much the same from 1967," he says.

希尔说，今天，黑人和白人消费者的选择仍然是不平等的。“考虑到这些差异和获取途径，它们仍然非常真实。它们可能看起来不同，但我敢说，它们与1967年非常相似，”他说。