韩国是如何在不关闭一切设施的情况下控制住疫情的

韩国是如何在不关闭一切设施的情况下控制住疫情的

As of this week, South Korea had just over 9.000 confirmed coronavirus cases, which puts it among the top 10 countries for total cases.

截至本周，韩国确诊的冠状病毒病例刚刚超过9000例，在所有病例中排名前10位。

But South Korea has another distinction: Health experts are noting that recently the nation has managed to significantly slow the number of new cases. And the country appears to have reined in the outbreak without some of the strict lockdown strategies deployed elsewhere in the world.

但韩国还有另一个不同之处:卫生专家指出，最近韩国成功地显著降低了新增病例的数量。在没有采取世界其他地方部署的一些严格的封锁策略的情况下，该国似乎已经控制住了疫情。

"We've seen examples in places like Singapore and [South] Korea, where governments haven't had to shut everything down," said Mike Ryan, head of the World Health Organization's Health Emergencies Programme. "They've been able to make tactical decisions regarding schools, tactical decisions regarding movements, and been able to move forward without some of the draconian measures."

“我们在新加坡和(韩国)看到了这样的例子，在这些地方，政府不必关闭所有设施，”世界卫生组织(突发卫生事件规划负责人迈克•瑞安表示。“他们已经能够就学校做出战术决定，就行动做出战术决定，而且能够在不采取某些严厉措施的情况下向前推进。”

Speaking this week to journalists, Ryan said that countries that have tested widely for the virus, isolated cases and quarantined suspected cases — in the way that South Korea and Singapore have done — have managed to suppress transmission of the virus. President Trump has also praised South Korea's handling of the health crisis and even asked President Moon Jae-in for help with medical equipment to fight the outbreak in the United States.

瑞安这个星期对记者说，像韩国和新加坡所做的那样，对病毒进行了广泛检测的国家、隔离病例和隔离疑似病例成功地遏制了病毒的传播。特朗普总统还赞扬了韩国对健康危机的处理，甚至请求文在寅总统帮助提供医疗设备，以对抗美国的疫情。

The head of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, has called on other countries around the world to "apply the lessons learned in [South] Korea and elsewhere" in their own battles against the coronavirus.

世界卫生组织总干事泰德罗斯·阿德哈诺姆·盖布雷耶苏斯呼吁世界各地的其他国家“把在韩国和其他地方吸取的经验教训应用到”本国抗击冠状病毒的战斗中。

South Korea's foreign minister, Kang Kyung-wha, speaking to the BBC last week, said the key lessons from her country are that it developed testing for the virus even before it had a significant number of cases.

韩国外交部长康京和上周对英国广播公司(BBC)表示，韩国的主要教训是，该国甚至在出现大量病例之前就进行了病毒检测。

"In mid-January, our health authorities quickly conferred with the research institutions here [to develop a test]," Kang said. "And then they shared that result with the pharmaceutical companies, who then produced the reagent [chemical] and the equipment needed for the testing."

“1月中旬，我们的卫生当局迅速与这里的研究机构协商(开发一种测试)，”康说。“然后他们与制药公司分享结果，制药公司生产了测试所需的试剂(化学药品)和设备。”

So when members of a religious sect in Daegu started getting sick in February, South Korea was able to rapidly confirm that it was COVID-19.

因此，当大邱一个宗教派别的成员在2月份开始生病时，韩国能够迅速确认它是COVID-19.

"Testing is central" to the outbreak response, said Kang, " It minimizes further spread." And it allows health authorities to quickly isolate and treat those found with the virus.

“检测是应对疫情的核心”，康说，“这将使进一步的传播最小化。”它使卫生当局能够迅速隔离和治疗那些被发现感染病毒的人。

Hong Kong and Singapore have followed similar paths in responding to this outbreak.

香港和新加坡在应对此次疫情方面采取了类似的做法。

They've used testing aggressively to identify cases — not only testing people who are so sick that they're hospitalized but also mild cases and even suspected cases. They've quarantined tens of thousands of people who may have been exposed to confirmed cases.

他们积极地使用检测来识别病例，不仅检测那些病情严重到住院治疗的人，还检测轻微的病例，甚至是疑似病例。他们隔离了成千上万可能接触过确诊病例的人。

The vast majority of the people ordered to quarantine at home are perfectly healthy and never do get sick, but the few who do develop symptoms can be quickly isolated further. Tedros of the WHO refers to this as cutting off the virus at the bud — basically stopping the virus from spreading further and preventing community transmission.

绝大多数被要求在家中隔离的人都是完全健康的，从不生病，但少数出现症状的人可以很快被进一步隔离。世界卫生组织的泰德罗斯称这是在病毒萌芽时就将其切断，基本上是阻止病毒进一步传播和防止社区传播。

Hong Kong also reacted with incredible speed in the outbreak's early days. On Dec. 31. 2019. Hong Kong's Centre for Health Protection, the city's health department, sent out an alert to its doctors telling them to be on the lookout for patients presenting with fever, acute respiratory illness, pneumonia and/or shortness of breath.

香港在疫情爆发初期也做出了难以置信的反应。2019年12月31日，香港市卫生保健中心，卫生部向医生发出警告，提醒他们注意发热、急性呼吸道疾病、肺炎和/或呼吸急促的患者。

The other thing that South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore have in common is that they've been able to keep most factories, shopping malls and restaurants open. Singapore has even kept its schools open at a time when nations around the world are shutting down classrooms.

韩国、香港和新加坡的另一个共同点是，它们能够让大多数工厂、购物中心和餐馆继续营业。在世界各国纷纷关闭教室之际，新加坡甚至保持了学校的开放。