瑞典的GDP创下自1980年以来的最大降幅

瑞典的GDP创下自1980年以来的最大降幅

Sweden's gross domestic product took its largest tumble in a single quarter in modern history during the second quarter of this year, despite the country's decision to not shut down its economy.

今年第二季度，尽管瑞典决定不封锁经济，该国国内生产总值出现了现代历史上单季度最大跌幅。

The nation's GDP fell 8.6% during the three-month period ending in June, according to preliminary figures from Statistics Sweden. Yet, Sweden's economic decline, while dreadful, outpaced that of many other European countries.

瑞典统计局的初步数据显示，在截至6月份的三个月里，瑞典国内生产总值下降了8.6%。然而，瑞典的经济衰退虽然可怕，却超过了许多其他欧洲国家。

David Oxley, senior Europe economist at Capital Economics, said that the sharp contraction of the Swedish economy during the second quarter "confirms that it has not been immune to COVID, despite the government's well-documented light-touch lockdown."

资本经济的高级欧洲经济学家戴维•奥克斯利表示，瑞典经济在第二季度的急剧收缩“证实了它并没有免受COVID的影响，尽管政府有充分的证据证明其实施了温和的封锁”。

Sweden's relaxed approach to the coronavirus pandemic has resulted in global scrutiny. Unlike most countries in the world, Sweden didn't order a strict lockdown. Instead of closing down its economy, the country issued comparatively light restrictions — banning gatherings of over 50 people and otherwise asking people to maintain social distancing as best they can.

瑞典对冠状病毒大流行采取的宽松政策已经引起了全球的关注。与世界上大多数国家不同，瑞典没有下令实施严格的封锁。该国没有关闭经济，而是颁布了相对宽松的限制——禁止50人以上的集会，并要求人们尽可能保持社交距离。

Swedish government officials have insisted that saving the economy was never the purpose of their controversial coronavirus strategy. Its aim was to save lives and reduce pressure on the country's health care system.

瑞典政府官员坚称，拯救经济从来不是他们备受争议的冠状病毒策略的目的。它的目的是拯救生命，减轻国家医疗系统的压力。

However, Sweden has counted nearly 82,000 confirmed coronavirus cases and its death toll stands at 5,766, according to data from John's Hopkins University.

然而，根据约翰霍普金斯大学的数据，瑞典有近82,000例确诊冠状病毒病例，死亡人数为5,766人。

That's far higher than its neighbors Denmark (617), Norway (256) and Finland (331), and at more than 56 deaths per 100,000 people, Sweden has a higher mortality rate than the U.S.

这远远高于其邻国丹麦(617人)、挪威(256人)和芬兰(331人)，而且每10万人中有56人死亡，瑞典的死亡率高于美国。

It is next to impossible to say what effect, if any, the country's response had on its economy, since there are so many factors at play. It is clear, however, that the Swedish economy has fared much better during the second quarter than many other European economies.

由于有太多的因素在起作用，很难说这个国家的应对措施对其经济产生了什么影响(如果有的话)。不过，很明显，瑞典经济在第二季度的表现要比许多其他欧洲经济体要好得多。

Spain's economy recorded the highest decline among the 27 European Union members during the second quarter, its GDP fell 18.5% compared to the previous quarter.

第二季度，西班牙经济在27个欧盟成员国中跌幅最大，GDP比上一季度下降了18.5%。

Its neighbors Portugal (14.1%) and France (13.8%) experienced similarly large contractions of their respective economies during the second quarter. Even Germany, the continent's largest economy, recorded a double-digit drop (10.1%) when compared to the first three months of the year. The Baltic country of Lithuania (5.1%) reported the lowest decline.

其邻国葡萄牙(14.1%)和法国(13.8%)在第二季度也经历了类似的大规模经济收缩。即使是欧洲大陆最大的经济体德国，与今年前三个月相比，也出现了两位数的下降(10.1%)。波罗的海国家立陶宛(5.1%)的降幅最低。

"We expect our economy to shrink between 4-10% in 2020," Karin Olofsdotter, Sweden's ambassador to the United States, told NPR in April.

今年4月，瑞典驻美国大使卡琳•奥洛夫斯多特对美国国家公共电台表示:“我们预计，到2020年，瑞典经济将收缩4-10%。”

Furthermore, Sweden's unemployment rate rose to 9.4% in June, the highest figure since 1998, and up more than 2 percentage points from the beginning of the year.

此外，瑞典的失业率在6月份升至9.4%，为1998年以来的最高水平，比年初上升了2个多百分点。

To mitigate the pandemic's economic effects, the Swedish government has enacted several legislative measures during the crisis, including a nearly $31 billion stimulus package in March.

为了减轻流行病对经济的影响，瑞典政府在危机期间实施了几项立法措施，其中包括今年3月出台的一项近310亿美元的经济刺激计划。