双语诗歌翻译|诗经·《国风·卫风·氓》

《国风·卫风·氓》是周代著名文学作品《诗经》中的诗歌。这是一首弃妇自诉婚姻悲剧的长诗。诗中的女主人公以无比沉痛的口气，回忆了恋爱生活的甜蜜，以及婚后被丈夫虐待和遗弃的痛苦。全诗六章，第一章，追叙自己由初恋而定的婚；第二章，叙述自己陷入情网，冲破了媒妁之言的桎梏而与氓结婚；第三章，她对一群年青貌美的天真少女，现身说法地规劝她们不要沉醉于爱情，并指出男女不平等的现象；第四章，对氓的负心表示怨恨，她指出，这不是女人的差错，而是氓的反复无常；第五章，接着追叙，叙述她婚后的操劳、被虐和兄弟的讥笑而自伤不幸；第六章，叙述幼年彼此的友爱和今日的乖离，斥责氓的虚伪和欺骗，坚决表示和氓在感情上一刀两断。此诗通过弃妇的自述，表达了她悔恨的心情与决绝的态度，深刻地反映了古代社会妇女在恋爱婚姻问题上倍受压迫和摧残的情况。

《诗经--国风·卫风·氓》

氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。
匪来贸丝，来即我谋。
送子涉淇，至于顿丘。
匪我愆期，子无良媒。
将子无怒，秋以为期。
　　
乘彼垝垣，以望复关。
不见复关，泣涕涟涟。
既见复关，载笑载言。
尔卜尔筮，体无咎言。
以尔车来，以我贿迁。

桑之未落，其叶沃若。
于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚！
于嗟女兮，无与士耽！
士之耽兮，犹可说也；
女之耽兮，不可说也。
　　
桑之落矣，其黄而陨。
自我徂尔，三岁食贫。
淇水汤汤，渐车帷裳。
女也不爽，士贰其行。
士也罔极，二三其德！
　　
三岁为妇，靡室劳矣。
夙兴夜寐，靡有朝矣！
言既遂矣，至于暴矣。
兄弟不知，咥其笑矣。
静言思之，躬自悼矣！
　　
及尔偕老，老使我怨。
淇则有岸，隰则有泮。
总角之宴，言笑晏晏。
信誓旦旦，不思其反。
反是不思，亦已焉哉！

A Simple Fellow

A simple fellow, all smiles,
Brought cloth to exchange for thread,
Not in truth to buy thread
But to arrange about me.
I saw you across the Qi
As far as Dunqiu;
It was not I who wanted to put it off,
But you did not have a proper matchmaker.
I begged you not to be angry
And fixed autumn as the time.

I climbed the city wall
To watch for your return to the pass;
And when you did not come
My tears fell in floods;
Then I saw you come,
And how gaily I laughed and talked!
You consulted tortoise-shell and milfoil, (1)
And they showed nothing unlucky;
You came with your cart
And took me off with my dowry.

Before the mulberry sheds its leaves,
How green and fresh they are!
Ah, turtle-dove,
Do not eat the mulberries!
Ah, girls,
Do not take your pleasure with men!
A man can take pleasure
And get away with it,
But a girl
Will never get away with it.

The mulberry sheds its leaves
Yellow and sere;
After going to you
Three years I supped on poverty.
Deep are the waters of the Qi;
They wet the curtains as the carriage crossed,
I did no wrong,
You were the one to blame;
It was you who were faithless
And changed.

Three years I was your wife,
Never idle in your house,
Rising early and retiring late
Day after day.
All went smoothly
Till you turned rough;
And my brothers, not knowing,
Laughed and joked with me as before.
Alone, thinking over my fate,
I could only lament.

I had hoped to grow old with you,
Now the thought of old age grieves my heart.
The Qi has its shores,
The Shi its banks;
How happy we were, our hair in tufts, (2)
How fondly we talked and laughed,
How solemnly we swore to be true!
I must think no more of the past;
The past is done with —
Better let it end like this!


(1)Used for divination
(2)Young people, before coming of age, tied their hair in two tufts.