设计和生产之 质量检验程序　Quality Process and Procedure

设计和生产之 质量检验程序　Quality Process and Procedure

在商业中，质量是指产品或服务满足其最终使用目的和客户需求（expectations）的程度。质量管理包含对生产过程中（under development）半成品和生产结束后成品的质量控制，是企业在市场中处于不败之地的法宝。

质量保证（quality assurance）

质量保证就是要确保产品和服务以合格的条件和状态来满足最终用户（end-user requirements）的需求。生产过程的质量保证方式包含：首先，原材料（raw materials）质量合格。其次，生产环节中（operational procedures）员工的技能和经验满足生产高质量产品的要求。最后，对于满足或超越标准（meets or exceeds standards）的工作要有一套奖励（incentives）机制。

⊙Can you guarantee the level of quality coming out of your factory?

你能担保从你们工厂出来的产品质量吗？

⊙The production in our factories uses only the highest quality materials.我们工厂在生产过程中只使用质量最高的材料。

⊙Our process starts with only the finest in raw materials.最棒的原材料是我们工序的开端。

⊙We maintain quality assurance by complying with a strict operational procedure.

我们通过严格的操作程序来确保质量。

⊙Quality output from our employees is recognized and rewarded.员工做出高质量产品将得到表彰和嘉奖。

⊙We administer quarterly competency exams to keep our technicians up to date on the latest advancements.

我们每个季度组织考核竞赛来保证我们的员工跟上最新的发展。

⊙If you put your trust in our quality, you won't be disappointed.如果你信赖我们的质量，你将不会失望。

⊙Quality assurance is guaranteed.我们的质量是有保证的。

质量控制（quality control）

质量控制就是以规定的标准测试产品的达标程度，并做相应的调整以保持最好的状态。把次品率或差错率（margin of error）降至最低就是质量控制的目标，这一理想目标（lofty goal）的实现过程需要严谨（stringent）的态度。

⊙We have quality control experts who do random sampling of our products along multiple points in the assembly line.

我们有质量监控专家沿着流水线的不同点随机抽查产品。

⊙The statistical probability of substandard products coming off the line is 3.4 one millionths. That's a very low margin of error.

生产线上下来的不合格产品的统计概率是百万分之三点四，这是一个非常低的次品率。

⊙We can guarantee the end-product is up to your expectations because we have so many quality control checks in place.

因为我们目前有很多的质量监控，我们可以确保最终产品符合你的期望。

⊙We meet and exceed all the applicable safety regulations.

我们达到并超越了所有的可行性安全规则。

⊙With quality control, our reputation speaks for itself.对于质量控制，我们的声誉说明了一切。

⊙Some of the measures we have in place include quality control experts that stand on the production lines.

我们一些措施包括目前在生产线上的质量监控专家。

质量提高（quality improvement）

质量提高是涵盖产品、生产过程和人员等各方面因素的整体过程。根据你所在的行业具体情况，制定并完善制造工艺（manufacturing enhancements）、改进设备性能、引进新的技术和设备、重新审核商业惯例等都是完善产品质量的方法。

⊙We need to continually examine our current business practices to see if there is any room for improvement.

我们需要不断地检查现行的商业惯例，看是否还有改善的空间。

⊙To improve the quality of our production even more, we are instituting programs for manufacturing enhancements.

为了进一步提高我们产品的质量，我们正在执行完善工艺的项目。

总结

产品质量的重要性对于任何一个眼光长远、胸怀抱负的制造商或企业家都有着不言而喻的重要性。把握原材料的品质，严格监控将次品率降至最低，通过奖励机制或企业文化强调质量的重要性、加强工艺水平或改良商业惯例，最终出来的产品一定会受到广泛的好评。

Words　单词表

applicable适当的，可应用的

brand商标，品牌

comply遵守，服从

consultant研究员，顾问

institute着手，执行

enhancement增加，提高

glitch故障

guarantee担保，保证

persnickety爱挑剔的

plummet骤然跌落，暴跌

probability概率

ruined破坏的，毁灭的

shoddy假冒伪劣的，次劣的

similar类似的，相仿的

slogan标语，口号

statistical统计的

Phrases　短语表

all the sudden突然

along the way一路上

be for naught化为乌有

be granted a patent被授予专利权

be known for……因……而被认可/认知

be committed to致力于，委身于

creep up慢慢上升，逐渐增长

have a glitch in the system系统出现故障

meet a regulation满足/符合规定

random sampling随机抽样

reputation speaks for itself声誉不言自明

You betcha！没错！那还用说？

come off the assembly lines从组装线上下来的

get a clue得到线索/头绪

I just don't get it.我只是不明白这一点。

margin of error误差范围

poor quality质量差

raw material原材料，生产原料

substandard product不合格产品

实景对话1

A：Actually, one area that I am especially interested in is your quality assurance and control procedure. Will we get a chance to see some of those on our tour today?

B：You betcha！

（Later, at the assembly lines）

A：Starting with quality raw materials is just the beginning. As the materials enter the production line, we maintain quality assurance by complying with a strict operational procedure. We have quality control experts who do random sampling of our products along multiple points in the assembly line.

B：What kind of margin of error are you seeing?

A：The statistical probability of substandard products coming off the line is 3. 4 one millionths. That's a very low margin of error.

B：Very impressive！

A：Well, even though we maintain a very high standard of quality, we are still very committed to continued quality improvement. We continually examine our current business practices to see if there is any room for improvement.

B：Quality improvement?What do you mean by that?Can you give me an example?

A：Well, one example is a new policy on technical standards for our workers.

Starting this year, we administer quarterly competency exams to keep our technicians up to date on the latest advancements. We also have incentive programs for employees.Quality output from our employees is recognized and rewarded.

A：事实上，我特别感兴趣的是你们的质量保证和控制程序。我们在今天的参观中有机会看一些相关内容吗？

B：当然没问题。

（随后，在流水线旁）

A：采用高品质的原材料只是一个开端。随着原材料进入生产线，我们通过严格的运转程序来确保产品的高质量。我们有质量监控专家沿着流水线的不同点随机抽查产品。

B：你们看到什么样的差错范围？

A：得出的不合格产品的统计概率是百万分之三点四。差错范围非常小。

B：太令人赞叹了！

A：即便是我们保持一个很高的质量标准，我们依然积极投身于继续改善质量。

我们不断检查目前的商业惯例，看是否还有改善的空间。

B：质量改善?你指的是什么？你能给我一个例子吗？

A：比如我们针对工人的技能水准新政策。从今年开始，我们每个季度组织考核竞赛，以此来保证我们的技工能跟上最新的发展。我们也有针对员工的激励计划，员工做出高质量产品将得到表彰和嘉奖。

实景对话2

A：Our quality process and procedure needs review. There's a persnickety creep up in our margin of error. Our customers know us for our quality.In the past, with quality control, our reputation spoke for itself.But if the quality of our products continues to plummet, then our brand is ruined！All of the investment we have put into branding and brand development will have been for naught！

B：That's right. Our slogan, after all is，“If you put your trust in our quality， you won't be disappointed.”But lately, with the problems we've been having in quality assurance and control, we're disappointing our customers with shoddy product.

A：I just don't get it. We meet and exceed all the applicable safety regulations.

The production in our factories uses only the highest quality materials. I don't know where the glitch in our system is.Why all the sudden such poor quality products came off the assembly lines.

B：We haven't made any changes in the way we've done our production, but the result is an increase in substandard products. I haven't got a clue what's causing the trouble either.Maybe we should call in for a quality improvement consultant to help us out.

A：That's not such a bad idea. We need to review our quality assurance and control and seek for ways of quality improvement. If we can't figure it out ourselves, maybe we do need a quality improvement expert.

A：我们需要检查质量过程和程序，我们的差错范围在逐渐扩大。我们因为品质而著称，在过去，通过质量控制我们获得了好声誉，但如果我们的产品质量继续大幅下跌，那我们的品牌就毁了，我们为品牌打造和发展上的投资都将付诸东流。

B：有道理。毕竟，我们的口号是“如果你信赖我们的质量，那你一定不会失望”。但最近由于在品质保证和监控上的问题，使得客户因为这些残次品而对我们失望。

A：我就是搞不懂。我们达到并且超越了所有可行的安全规定。我们工厂在生产过程中只使用最高质量的材料。我不知道系统中哪里出了问题，为什么突然间会有那种劣质产品从流水线上下来？

B：我们的生产方式一直都没有做任何调整，但结果是次品量上升。我也不知道问题的症结在哪里。也许我们应该寻求一个质量改良顾问来为我们解惑。

A：听上去倒是个不赖的主意。我们需要检查我们的质量保证和监控并设法提高质量。如果我们自己找不出来，也许我们真的需要一个质量改良专家了。