CNN News:关于美国首例埃博拉病毒患者感染病毒原因分析剖析

Hi, I`m Carl Azuz. This is CNN STUDENT NEWS. Thank you for giving us ten minutes to get you updated on current events. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says when Thomas Eric Duncan started his trip from Liberia to the U.S., he showed no signs of having the deadly Ebola virus. But witnesses in Liberia say he`d had contact with Ebola victims there. And Liberian officials say when Duncan was asked if he`d had such contact, he said "No." After his arrival in Texas, he became the first person diagnosed in the U.S. with the disease. Those he stayed with have been quarantined, health officials are reaching out to others Duncan met with. So far no one else has contracted the virus, but there are a lot of questions.

大家好，我是Carl Azuz，这里是CNN学生新闻，感谢大家给我们十分钟时间带大家分享最近发生的时事新闻。美国疾病控制和预防中心表示邓肯回国时并没有被检查出有埃博拉明显症状。利比亚官方也表示当问及邓肯是否有过与埃博拉患者亲密接触时，他说没有。当他抵达德克萨斯州的时候，他成为了美国发现的首例埃博拉病毒患者。曾经与邓肯有过亲密接触的人已经被隔离，卫生部门官员正在寻找曾经与邓肯有过亲密接触的人。目前为止没有其他人感染病毒，但是整个事件仍是谜团笼罩。

They can be quite similar, and that can be confusing, and keep in mind people come back with fevers and cough.

这些患者病症很相似，很容易产生混乱，你需要牢牢记住那些发烧咳嗽的患者一般都是埃博拉症状。

There can be all sorts of different things

下面是区分埃博拉病症与其他病症的不同。

Here`s the big critical difference with Ebola: a travel history and the history of any particular risks is absolutely crucial. This particular gentleman that we are talking about in Dallas, for example, went into the hospital on the 26, the first time. Went to the hospital himself or herself, but was not asked about travel history.

区分是否为埃博拉病症的一个关键区别为,一段旅行经历和旅行中出现的任何可能感染埃博拉病毒的经历都非常关键。这个特别的先生，抵达达拉斯的这位先生为例，在26号第一次被送往医院。单独自己去的医院，并没有被问及旅行经历。

When he got on the plane, he wasn`t sick, when he got off of the plane, he wasn`t sick. Very important, because one thing that we keep hearing over and over again, I think it is an important point, is that you don`t spread this virus until you`re sick yourself. So the fact that he was - known as the incubation period. Carrying the virus clearly in his body, but not spreading it.

当他上飞机的时候没有检测感染，下飞机的时候也没有被检测出携带有埃博拉病毒。他并没有病。这点非常关键，当你没有被检测出患有埃博拉病毒的时候不能传播病毒，直到可以检测出体内的病毒。所以事实就是，显然病毒在他的体内有一段潜伏期，但是没有扩散。

If someone were to land in the United States and have developed symptoms, they got on the plane totally healthy, got off the plane and now sick, then that would prompt the medical evaluation of once they got here to the United States. So, the real key to this is trying to detect screen before people get out in planes from countries where Ebola is known to be, such as these - these three countries in West Africa.

如果有人在上飞机之前和下飞机之后都没有出现任何生病症状，但是抵达美国本土之后却出现了症状的话，当到达美国之后就会提交一份医疗评估。所以，这是跟踪调查来自西非国家旅客从而得知埃博拉源头的关键，例如西非这三个国家。

Part of the problem is that, you know, if someone gets sick, during the time that they are sick, but not yet in the hospital, they come in contact with lots of people. They need to go back and trace those people. It`s called contact tracing. If you miss the contacts and one of those people gets sick, then you can start to have a whole another group of people who could potentially become infected.

但是其中的问题是，如果有人感染病毒了，恰好那段时间有没有在医院，从而可能会与其他很多人有过接触。所以还需要重新找到那些与感染者有过亲密接触的人。这被称之为接触追踪。如果漏掉一个接触者，恰好也感染了病毒的话，那将会重新感染另外一些接触群体人员。

Ebola can`t live outside the body on surfaces. I think that`s part of this question. It can`t do that. If it`s exposed to sunlight obviously, if the handrails are cleaned or something like that, that would deactivate the virus, but let`s say those things don`t happen. The virus can (ph) live there, even for several days.

埃博拉病毒不会再身体外部存活，我认为这是问题的一部分。病毒做不到在体外存活。如果病毒直接暴露在阳光下面，如果扶手被清洗了或者怎样，就会抑制病毒的存在，但是这种事情却不可能发生。病毒可以在体外生存，甚至可以存留好几天。

While Ebola can live in all sorts of different bodily fluids, it`s less likely to be transmitted through coughs or sneezes, much more likely to be transmitted through blood.

埃博拉病毒可以在各种不同的体液中生存，不太可能通过咳嗽或者打喷嚏传播，更可能是通过血液来进行传播。