CNN News:世界经济陷入衰退困境

Fridays are awesome. This is the 10 minutes of commercial free current events known as CNN STUDENT NEWS. My name is Carl Azuz. If you were to ride a rollercoaster with ups and downs like the stock market`s had recently, you`d be sick. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is exactly that, an average of 30 significant stocks in the New York Stock Exchange. It`s one measure of how the whole stock market is doing. Wednesday, it jumped; yesterday, it dropped. 335 points, its worst day of the year in points. Why? One reason is the European economy.

又到周五了，这里是不含商业广告的十分钟时事新闻，CNN学生新闻。我是Carl Azuz。如果你像股市涨幅忽上忽下一样坐过山车的话你会感到恶心。琼斯工业指数就像是在坐过山车，平均有30股股票在纽约交易所出现。现在纽约交易所股市只有一个举动，就是周三的时候上升，昨天下降，335个百分点，一年中跌的最严重的一次。为什么呢?其中一个原因就是欧洲经济。

Investors are getting nervous that Germany, Europe`s biggest economy, could slip into a recession. And when investors get nervous, they sell stocks.

投资者越来越担心欧洲最大的经济体，德国，将会陷入衰退危机。当投资者感到危机的时候，他们就会卖掉手中的股票。

Another reason, The Fed. Its recent moves indicate that it thinks global economic growth may be slowing down.

另一个原因就是美国联邦储蓄。近期的行动表明全球经济增长局势可能放缓。

So we`ve all heard that phrase, that, you know, money makes the world go around, but you may have asked yourself once or twice, OK, well, who makes the money go around? And so the answer is the Federal Reserve, or as my friends and I like to call it, the Fed. So the Fed is pretty much unlike any other U.S. institution that I can think of. It`s run by a board of governors based in Washington, D.C. It had 12 Federal Reserve banks located around the main banking centers of the country. So places like New York, San Francisco, Philadelphia. The presidents of these banks and the board of governors, they meet eight times a year to make big policy decisions and to ensure the economy is moving at a stable clip. So the Congress oversees the Fed, but the Fed does not really answer to Congress. The Fed operates completely independently, because the Fed doesn`t care about politics. All it cares about is basically two things. Number one, keeping prices stable. And no. 2, trying its best to ensure that everybody who wants a job gets one.

我们曾经听说过一句话，叫金钱推动世界运转，但是你可能会不止一次的问过自己，谁推动金钱运转。答案就是美联储。所以美联储与其他任何我可以想象到的机构都不同。美国联邦储蓄银行由以华盛顿官员组成董事会，在全国拥有12个联邦储蓄分行，分布在全国主要的金融中心。例如纽约，旧金山和费城。这些银行总裁和董事会每年都会举行八次会议作出重要政策决定来确保经济稳定发展。因此国会会监督美联储工作，但是美联储没有真正对国会提出过回应。美联储完全独立运作，因为它并不关心政治政策，只是关心两大基础事情。第一是保持价格稳定，第二是确保所有人有工作可做。

So if the economy is heating up, it tries to cool things down by raising the cost of borrowing by making it harder to borrow money. And if things are getting too cold, it does the opposite. So you can sort of think of the Fed like Goldilocks. It doesn`t really like things too hot, too cold. It wants everything to be just right.

如果经济一直升温，美联储将会通过提高货币价格提升借贷成本来平稳经济发展。反之亦然。所以你可以简单的认为美联储就像是金发姑娘，既不喜欢太冷也不喜欢太热。刚刚好即好。