最新研究显示，三分之一的青少年在吸二手电子烟

最新研究显示，三分之一的青少年在吸二手电子烟

More middle school and high school students in the United States are being exposed to secondhand vapor from e-cigarettes in public places, new research finds.

最新研究发现，美国越来越多的中学生和高中生在公共场所暴露在二手电子烟的烟雾中。

About 1 in 3 students last year said they had breathed secondhand aerosol from e-cigarettes, which is an increase from the approximately 1 in 4 students who reported exposure in years past, according to the research published in the medical journal JAMA Network Openon Wednesday.

根据周三发表在医学杂志《美国医学会杂志网络》上的一项研究，去年约有三分之一的学生表示，他们曾吸过二手电子烟烟雾，这一比例高于过去几年报告的四分之一左右。

The research was based on self-reported data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey, which collected information on exposure to secondhand smoke from tobacco products and secondhand aerosol from e-cigarettes among middle school and high school students from 2015 to 2018.

这项研究基于全国青少年烟草调查的自我报告数据，该调查收集了2015年至2018年中学生和高中生接触烟草制品的二手烟和电子烟的二手气雾剂的信息。

Exposure in the survey was defined as breathing secondhand smoke or secondhand vapor in indoor or outdoor public places at least one day in the past 30 days. Those public places could include schools, stores, restaurants, sports arenas, parking lots, stadiums or parks, for instance.

在调查中，二手烟的定义是在过去30天内，在室内或室外公共场所至少一天吸入二手烟或二手烟雾。这些公共场所可以包括学校、商店、餐馆、运动竞技场、停车场、体育场或公园等。

The data showed that between 2015 and 2018, about half of students reported secondhand smoke exposure, but that prevalence has been following a downward trend.

数据显示，2015年至2018年间，约有一半的学生报告暴露在二手烟中，但这一比例一直呈下降趋势。

Secondhand smoke exposure impacted 52.6% of students in 2015 compared with 48.7% last year, according to the data.

数据显示，2015年52.6%的学生受二手烟影响，而去年这一比例为48.7%。

Meanwhile, the data showed that the prevalence of secondhand vapor has increased from exposure impacting 25.2% of students in 2015 to 33.2% last year.

与此同时，数据显示，受二手烟雾影响的学生比例由2015年的25.2%上升到去年的33.2%。

The data that came from last year showed that young women, white individuals, those with a history of e-cigarette or tobacco use, and those living with someone who used e-cigarettes were more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke and secondhand vapor.

去年的数据显示，年轻女性、白人、有电子烟或烟草使用史的人，以及与使用电子烟的人生活在一起的人，更有可能接触二手烟和二手烟雾。

The researchers noted that although about "16 states and more than 800 municipalities have introduced laws to restrict e-cigarette use in 100% smoke-free or other venues, including schools, over the past few years," an increasing proportion of youth in the United States have reported exposure to secondhand vapor in public places.

研究人员指出,尽管“在过去的几年里，大约16个州和800多个市镇已经引入了在无烟场所或其他场所完全禁烟的法律,包括学校,”在美国，越来越多的年轻人报告称，（他们）在公共场所暴露在二手烟雾中。

"This may be owing to the increase in youth using e-cigarettes and other devices, fewer vape-free policies than smoke-free policies, and fewer people who are willing to speak up against others vaping in public places," the researchers wrote.

研究人员写道:“这可能是因为越来越多的年轻人使用电子烟和其他电子设备，与无烟政策相比，无电子烟政策更少，而且愿意公开反对他人在公共场所使用电子烟的人也更少。”

In general, it's estimated that nearly 1 in 5 high school students and 1 in 20 middle school students use e-cigarettes, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The number of middle and high school students using e-cigarettes rose from 2.1 million in 2017 to 3.6 million last year -- a difference of about 1.5 million young people.

据美国疾病控制与预防中心(US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)估计，总体而言，近五分之一的高中生和二十分之一的中学生使用电子烟。中学生使用电子烟的人数从2017年的210万上升到去年的360万，这一数字与年轻人相差约150万。

The new research came as no surprise since there has been an overall rise in e-cigarette use in the United States in recent years, and decline in cigarette smoking, said Dr. Theodore Wagener, director of the Center for Tobacco Research and co-leader of the cancer control program at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Centerin Columbus, who was not involved in the new research.

这项新的研究是意料之中的,因为近年来美国电子烟使用人数整体提升，而吸烟人数在减少，西奥多·魏格纳博士说。他是烟草研究中心的主任,也是在哥伦布的俄亥俄州立大学综合癌症中心癌症控制计划的合伙领导人,他并没有参与这项新研究。

Yet the potential health impacts of increasing exposure to secondhand e-cigarette vapor remains an enigma and has become an active area of study.

然而，暴露在二手电子烟雾中对健康的潜在影响仍然是个谜，并且已经成为一个活跃的研究领域。

"We still don't know the long-term health effects and most people generally think that they're safer than smoking cigarettes, so they're not too worried about exposing others to secondhand vapor," Wagener said.

魏格纳说:“我们仍然不知道吸电子烟对健康的长期影响，大多数人普遍认为吸电子烟比吸烟更安全，所以他们不太担心别人吸入二手烟。”