那个因吃垃圾食品而失明的孩子

你需要知道的是，那个因吃垃圾食品而失明的孩子

A poor diet of chips and crisps caused a teenage boy in England to become blind. The boy – let's call him Jasper – first visited his family GP complaining of tiredness when he was 14 years old. Tests showed he was anaemic with low vitamin B12 levels. He was also a picky eater, but had no problems with his health.

薯条和薯片的不良饮食导致英国一个十几岁的男孩失明。这个男孩——我们叫他杰斯帕吧——14岁时第一次去看家庭医生，抱怨他很累。测试显示他贫血，维生素B12水平低。他也是个挑食的人，但健康没有问题。

His GP gave him vitamin B12 injections and advice on how to improve his diet. But by the time he was 15, he had started to develop hearing loss and had problems with his vision.

他的家庭医生给他注射维生素b12，并建议他如何改善饮食。但在他15岁的时候，他已经开始出现听力损失，视力也有问题。

He was referred to an ear, nose and throat specialist and was examined by an ophthalmologist, but no cause was found.

他被转介给耳鼻喉科专家，并由眼科医生检查，但没有找到病因。

By age 17, his vision had become worse, to the point of blindness. He was referred to the Bristol Eye Hospital when he saw a specialist in neuro-ophthalmology. He was diagnosed with optic neuropathy (damage to the optic nerve) and further tests revealed that the cause was nutritional.

到了17岁，他的视力变得更差，甚至失明。他去布里斯托尔眼科医院看了神经眼科专家。初步诊断为视神经病变(视神经损伤)，进一步的测试显示，原因是营养不良。

He had several micronutrient deficiencies, including low vitamin B12 (his vitamin B12 injections had lapsed), vitamin D, copper and selenium levels, and a high zinc level. His bone mineral density was also very low – probably resulting from his low vitamin D.

他有一些微量营养素缺乏，缺乏包括维生素b12(他的维生素b12注射失效)，维生素d，铜和硒，以及高锌水平。可能是由于维生素D含量低，他的骨密度也很低。

Jasper confessed that he had been a picky eater since primary school and would not eat certain textures of food. He had a daily portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop and snacked on crisps, white bread, processed ham slices and sausage.

贾斯珀承认，他从小学起就挑食，不会吃某些质地的食物。他每天从当地的炸鱼薯条店买一份薯条，吃薯片、白面包、加工过的火腿片和香肠。

Despite being given nutritional supplements to treat his deficiencies, his sight did not improve.

尽管给了他营养补充剂来治疗他的缺陷，他的视力并没有改善。

In our case study, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, we concluded that Jasper's junk food diet and limited intake of nutritional vitamins and minerals resulted in the onset of nutritional optic neuropathy – a dysfunction of the optic nerve, which is important for vision. It is a rare but serious complication of several types of nutritional deficiency.

在我们发表在《内科学年鉴》上的案例研究中，我们得出结论，贾斯珀的垃圾食品饮食和有限的营养维生素和矿物质摄入导致了营养性视神经病变——视神经功能障碍，这对视力很重要。它是几种营养缺乏症的罕见但严重的并发症。

Deficiencies of vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B9 (folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamin), iron, calcium, magnesium and copper are all known to cause optic neuropathy and are easily misdiagnosed as other disorders if the doctor doesn't have the patient's dietary history.

维生素b1(硫胺素)、维生素b2(核黄素)、维生素b3(烟酸)、维生素b6(吡哆醇)、维生素b9(叶酸)、维生素b12(钴胺)、铁、钙、镁和铜的缺乏都是已知的引起视神经病变的因素，如果医生没有患者的饮食历史，很容易被误诊为其他疾病。

The condition is reversible if caught early. But left untreated, it can lead to permanent structural damage to the optic nerve and blindness, which happened in Jasper's case.

如果及早发现，病情是可逆的。但如果不加以治疗，它可能导致视神经永久性结构损伤和失明，贾斯帕的情况就是这样。