研究发现，谷歌人工智能比医生更能发现乳腺癌

研究发现，谷歌人工智能比医生更能发现乳腺癌

Google’s artificial intelligence detected breast cancer better than doctors, a study published Wednesday found.

周三发表的一项研究发现，谷歌的人工智能检测乳腺癌的效果好于医生。

The Google AI program that examined mammogram images from thousands of women in the US and the United Kingdom spotted cancer more accurately than six expert radiologists who reviewed 500 random cases, according to the research — which was funded by the tech giant.

这项由这家科技巨头资助的研究显示，谷歌人工智能项目检查了来自美国和英国的数千名女性的乳房x光照片，比6名随机检查了500个病例的放射科专家更准确地发现了癌症。

The software’s review of nearly 29,000 mammogram scans reduced the number of false negatives — tests that are wrongly deemed normal even though cancer is present — by 9.4 percent in the US and 2.7 percent in the UK, according to the study, published in the journal Nature.

根据发表在《自然》(Nature)杂志上的这项研究，该软件对近2.9万例乳房x光片扫描结果的分析，减少了美国9.4%和英国2.7%的假阴性(尽管存在癌症，但仍被错误地视为正常的检查)。

And the number of false positives — tests that are wrongly said to show signs of cancer — fell by 5.7 percent in the US and 1.2 percent in the UK, the research found. The team behind the study included researchers from Google Health, Northwestern Medicine and Imperial College London.

研究发现，在美国，误报(被错误地说成显示癌症迹象的检测)的数量下降了5.7%，在英国下降了1.2%。这项研究背后的团队包括来自谷歌健康、西北医学和伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员。

Google Health said the study “sets the stage for future applications where the model could potentially support radiologists performing breast cancer screenings” — though more research and regulatory approval are needed to show how the technology could boost patient care.

谷歌Health表示，这项研究“为未来的应用奠定了基础，该模型可能会支持放射科医生进行乳腺癌筛查”——尽管还需要更多的研究和监管部门的批准，才能证明这项技术如何能够促进患者护理。

The research suggests that AI could help improve the accuracy of mammograms, the most common method of screening for the second-leading cause of cancer deaths among women.

这项研究表明，人工智能可能有助于提高乳房x光检查的准确性，这是筛查导致女性癌症死亡的第二大原因的最常见方法。

Mammograms miss roughly one in five breast cancers, according to the American Cancer Society, and inaccurate test results can cause problems for patients. A false positive can lead to anxiety or pricey additional testing, while false negatives can cause women to think they’re cancer-free when they’re not.

根据美国癌症协会(American Cancer Society)的数据，乳房x光检查遗漏了大约五分之一的乳腺癌，不准确的检测结果可能会给患者带来麻烦。假阳性可能会导致焦虑或昂贵的额外检查，而假阴性可能会让女性以为自己没有癌症，其实不然。

Researchers trained Google’s AI program with mammograms from more than 76,000 women in the UK and more than 15,000 in the US, according to Google Health. Google said the software outperformed doctors despite receiving less information than human experts, who also had access to previous mammograms and patient histories.

根据谷歌Health的数据，研究人员对谷歌的人工智能程序进行了培训，使用了英国逾7.6万名女性和美国逾1.5万名女性的乳房x线照片。谷歌表示，尽管获得的信息比人类专家少，但该软件的表现优于医生。

The study is Google’s latest bid to use its technologies for health purposes — even though some of those efforts have sparked privacy worries.

这项研究是谷歌为了健康目的使用其技术的最新尝试——尽管其中一些努力已经引发了对隐私的担忧。