研究发现，家用染发剂与大多数癌症没有关联

研究发现，家用染发剂与大多数癌症没有关联

The findings of the study offer reassurance against concerns that personal use of permanent hair dyes might be associated with increased cancer risk.

研究结果打消了个人使用永久性染发剂可能会增加癌症风险的担忧。

Women who dye their hair at home are unlikely to be putting themselves at increased risk of cancer, according to the findings of a new study published Wednesday.

周三公布的一项新研究发现，在家染发的女性不太可能增加患癌症的风险。

Researchers have been looking at a possible connection between hair dye and certain types of cancer for years, there is no warning about personal use because the evidence is inconclusive.

多年来，研究人员一直在研究染发剂与某些类型癌症之间的可能联系，但由于证据尚不确定，因此并未对个人使用的发染发剂提出警告。

This latest study published in the BMJ medical journal looked at data from 117,200 female nurses at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, which included details on their exposure to hair dye.

这项最新的研究发表在《英国医学杂志》上，研究了来自布里格姆和波士顿妇女医院的11.72万名女护士的数据，其中包括她们染发剂使用情况的细节。

The women did not have cancer at the start of the study and were followed for 36 years.

这些女性在研究开始时并没有患癌症，并被随访了36年。

The results showed no increased risk of most cancers or of dying from cancer in women who reported having ever used permanent hair dyes compared with those who said they had never used such dyes.

研究结果显示，与从未使用过永久性染发剂的女性相比，使用过永久性染发剂的女性患大多数癌症或死于癌症的风险并没有增加。

"The headline result is that overall there is no difference in the rate of cancer in general in women who have used hair dyes and those that have not," said Paul Pharoah, a professor of cancer epidemiology at the University of Cambridge, in the United Kingdom. He was not involved in the research.

英国剑桥大学癌症流行病学教授保罗·法罗说，“研究的主要结果是，总体而言，使用染发剂和不使用染发剂的女性的癌症发病率没有差别。”他没有参与这项研究。

Specifically, the study found the use of hair dye did not increase risk of cancers of the bladder, brain, colon, kidney, lung, blood and immune system, or most cancers of the skin or breast.

具体来说，研究发现使用染发剂不会增加膀胱癌、脑癌、结肠癌、肾癌、肺癌、血癌和免疫系统癌，以及大多数皮肤癌和乳腺癌的风险。

In addition, an increased risk of ovarian cancer and three types of breast cancer -- estrogen receptor negative, progesterone receptor negative, and hormone receptor negative -- were also linked to use of permanent dyes, with risk rising according to the cumulative amount of dye women were exposed to.

此外，卵巢癌和三种类型乳腺癌(雌激素受体阴性、孕酮受体阴性和激素受体阴性)的风险增加也与使用永久性染发剂有关，其风险根据女性接触染发剂的累积量而增加。

An increased risk of Hodgkin lymphoma was also seen with use of permanent hair dye but only for women with naturally dark hair.

使用永久性染发剂也会增加患霍奇金淋巴瘤的风险，但这只针对天生黑发的女性。

The authors said that darker shades of permanent hair dye could be associated with a higher concentration of ingredients.

作者说，深色永久性染发剂可能有较高浓度的成分。

The most aggressive hair dyes are the permanent types, and these account for approximately 80% of hair dyes used in the US and Europe, and an even greater proportion in Asia.

最具攻击性的染发剂是永久性染发剂，在美国和欧洲使用的染发剂中，永久性染发剂约占80%，在亚洲比例更大。

"Even if they were real findings the associations may not be cause-and-effect, and even if they were causal associations, the magnitude of the effects are so small that any risk would be trivial."

“即使这些发现是真实的，它们之间的联系也可能不是因果关系，即使它们是因果关系，影响的程度也很小，任何风险都是微不足道的。”

Hair dye is estimated to be used by 50% to 80% of women and 10% of men ages 40 and older in the United States and Europe, according to the study.

根据这项研究，在美国和欧洲，40岁及以上的人群中，估计有50%至80%的女性和10%的男性使用染发剂。

The authors said in a press release their findings should "offer some reassurance against concerns that personal use of permanent hair dyes might be associated with increased cancer risk or mortality."

研究报告的作者在一份新闻稿中说，他们的发现应该“让人们打消个人使用永久性染发剂可能会增加癌症风险或死亡率的担忧。”

The study was observational so it couldn't establish cause and effect.

这项研究是观察性的，所以它不能确定因果关系。

The authors also highlighted some limitations, including a lack of racial diversity in the participants, which mainly included white US women with European ancestry. They added that other unmeasured factors, such as use of other products, may have affected the results.

作者还强调了一些局限性，包括参与者缺乏种族多样性，主要包括有欧洲血统的美国白人女性。他们补充说，其他未测量的因素，如使用其他产品，可能影响了结果。