英语阅读 学英语,练听力,上听力课堂! 注册 登录
> 轻松阅读 > 科学前沿 >  内容

月相是如何影响睡眠和月经周期的

所属教程:科学前沿

浏览:

2021年02月01日

手机版
扫描二维码方便学习和分享
How Lunar Phases Affect Sleep And Menstrual Cycles

月相是如何影响睡眠和月经周期的

The Moon gets plenty of credit and blame for human activities, but on investigation most claims turn out to be mere astrology; good stories lacking reliable evidence. Nevertheless, two newly published studies find statistically significant evidence for lunar effects on two old favorites, sleep and menstruation, albeit partially suppressed by electric lights.

月球对人类活动的影响褒贬不一,但经过调查,大多数说法都只是占星术而已;好的故事缺乏可靠的证据。尽管如此,两项新发表的研究发现了具有统计学意义的证据,证明了月球对人们的两个方面——睡眠和月经——的影响,尽管在一定程度上受到了电灯的抑制。

Professor Horacio de la Iglesia of the University of Washington gave sleep-tracking wristwatches to 98 members of Toba-Qom Indigenous communities in Formaosa Argentina, and compared their sleep patterns with the amount of moonlight.

华盛顿大学的Horacio de la Iglesia教授给了98名来自阿根廷福尔马萨Toba-Qom土著社区的居民一块跟踪睡眠的手表,并将他们的睡眠模式与月光量进行了比较。

The Toba-Qom were chosen because many live in communities with little or no access to electricity. With more opportunities to do things after the Sun had set, this group went to bed later and slept less as the Moon approached full. Even in urban areas, where street lights outshine the Moon, sleep was similarly reduced, de la Iglesia reports in Science Advances.

选择Toba-Qom是因为许多人生活在几乎没有电的社区。太阳落山后,这群人有更多的机会去做事情,他们上床睡觉的时间较晚,在月亮接近满月时睡得较少。de la Iglesia在《科学进展》杂志上报道说,即使是在路灯比月亮更亮的城市地区,睡眠也同样减少了。

Stephen Luntz

Toba-Qom participants slept 46-58 minutes more around the dark of the Moon as when it was nearly full, falling asleep about 20 minutes later.

Toba-Qom研究对象在月色较暗时的睡眠时间比月圆时多46-58分钟,约20分钟后入睡。

Horacio de la Iglesia used sleep data from 464 college Seattle-area students collected for another study to check his findings. "Although the effect is more robust in communities without access to electricity, the effect is present in communities with electricity, including undergraduates at the University of Washington," he said in a statement.

Horacio de la Iglesia利用为另一项研究收集的西雅图地区464名大学生的睡眠数据来验证他的发现。他在一份声明中说:“尽管这种影响在没有电的社区更明显,但在有电的社区,包括华盛顿大学的本科生,这种影响也存在。”

In the light of these observations, it's almost strange that efforts to confirm links between the full Moon and crime or car accidents haven't had more success.

鉴于这些观察结果,试图确认满月与犯罪或车祸之间存在联系的努力并没有取得更大的成功,这几乎是很奇怪的。

Toba-Qom with little or none electricity also showed what de la Iglesia calls a “semilunar” 15 day sleep cycle. Although uncertain of the cause, he thinks it may have to do with gravitational effects, which are stronger when the Sun and Moon’s gravity aligns twice a month.

几乎没有电或彻底没有电的Toba-Qom也显示出de la Iglesia所说的15天的“半月”睡眠周期。尽管原因还不确定,但他认为这可能与引力效应有关,当太阳和月球的引力每月对齐两次时,引力效应会更强。

Even when city lights make us unlikely to notice the Moon, or clouds block it (famously common in Seattle) our sleep patterns still align, going to sleep later and sleeping less when the Moon is nearly full.See the interactive version here. Image Credit: Rebecca Gourley/University of Washington.

The same edition of Science Advances carries another paper, with one of the same authors, exploring the Moon influence on menstruation. The fact the typical menstrual cycle so closely matches the time between one full Moon and the next has long been assumed not to be a coincidence.

同一版的《科学进展》还刊登了另一篇论文,由同一作者撰写,探讨了月球对月经的影响。一个典型的月经周期与下一个满月之间的时间如此接近,这一事实长期以来一直被认为不是巧合。

“In many marine species and some terrestrial species, reproductive behavior is synchronized with a particular phase of the lunar cycle,” the paper notes. Immense coral spawning events represent a particularly dramatic example. Yet it hasn’t been clear if humans have a similar evolutionary benefit, or if period length is just a legacy of our ancestry, long since decoupled from the Moon’s phases.

论文指出:“许多海洋物种和一些陆地物种的繁殖行为与月球周期的某个特定阶段同步。”巨大的珊瑚产卵事件就是一个特别引人注目的例子。然而,目前还不清楚人类是否也有类似的进化好处,或者周期长度是否只是我们祖先的遗产,早在月亮的盈亏分离之后。

Past studies have reported that 28 percent of women who menstruate regularly have cycles lasting within a day of the 29.5 day length of the lunar cycle – a minority, but a far greater concentration than at any other number of days. Moreover, 28-29 day periods are associated with a higher chance of conception. However, investigations of whether menstruation is particularly likely to line up with a specific lunar phase have produced conflicting results.

过去的研究表明,有规律的月经周期的女性中,有28%的月经周期持续在29.5天的阴历周期内——这是少数,但比其他任何天数都要集中得多。此外,28-29天的月经周期与较高的受孕几率有关。然而,关于月经是否特别可能与特定的月相相吻合的调查得出了相互矛盾的结果。

Lead author Professor Charlotte Helfrich-Förster of the University of Würzburg used just 22 women’s records to explore this issue, far fewer than previous studies, but over a much longer time. Participants recorded their periods for up to 32 years, along with details of their sleeping conditions, such as levels of exposure to artificial light.

该研究的第一作者、Würzburg大学的夏洛特Helfrich-Förster教授只使用了22名女性的记录来探讨这个问题,比之前的研究少得多,但时间长得多。参与者记录了他们长达32年的月经周期,以及他们的睡眠状况的细节,比如暴露在人造光下的程度。

Before age 35 participants had periods that synchronised with the Moon 23.6 percent of the time. After 35 this dropped to just 9.5 percent, reflecting a decrease in average period length to 26 days. Synchronization was much more common for those living in rural areas and going to bed early than those more exposed to artificial light. The most common phase to match with was shortly before full, when evening light is greatest.

在35岁之前,参与者的月经周期与月球同步的时间占23.6%。35岁以后,这一比例下降到9.5%,反映了平均周期长度下降到26天。同步在那些生活在农村地区的人更常见,他们比那些更多地暴露在人造光下的人更早上床睡觉。最常见的匹配阶段是在傍晚光线最充足的时候。

Helfrich-Förster also found a weak correlation between gravitational peaks and menstrual cycles, matching de la Iglesia’s theory light is not the Moon’s only way of influencing us.

Helfrich-Förster还发现了引力峰值和月经周期之间的微弱相关性,这与德·拉·伊格莱西亚的理论相吻合。光并不是月球影响我们的唯一方式。


用户搜索

疯狂英语 英语语法 新概念英语 走遍美国 四级听力 英语音标 英语入门 发音 美语 四级 新东方 七年级 赖世雄 zero是什么意思武汉市紫轩雅苑英语学习交流群

  • 频道推荐
  • |
  • 全站推荐
  • 推荐下载
  • 网站推荐