睡眠缺乏对你的大脑、DNA和社交生活都有害
Skipping sleep is bad for your brain, your DNA and your social life
睡眠缺乏对你的大脑、DNA和社交生活都有害
We all know that missing sleep doesn't feel good. It makes you less able to think clearly, focus well and makes most people feel more moody. But a lack of sleep can do more than that. It can add an inch to your waistline, and it could also cause a little bit of damage to your brain.
我们都知道不睡觉让人感觉很不好，它让你无法清晰地思考，不能集中注意力，而且会使大部分人情绪低落。但是，缺乏睡眠并不仅仅会这样，还会让你腰围更宽，甚至还会对大脑产生一定的损伤。
It can damage your DNA
它会破坏你的DNA
For many people, lack of sleep is par for the course due to their job. A team from the University of HongKong studied 49 doctors — half of whom worked overnight shifts — to determine if sleeping less had any effect on DNA. The results showed that the overnight doctors had more DNA breaks and less DNA repair gene expression.Researchers said DNA damage may be linked to an increased risk for cancer and cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases.
对许多人来说，因为他们的工作而导致缺乏睡眠是很常见的。香港大学的一个研究小组对49名医生进行了研究(其中一半医生在夜间轮班工作)，以确定睡眠不足对DNA是否有影响。结果显示夜间工作的医生DNA损伤较多，修复基因较少。研究人员说，DNA损伤可能会增加患癌症和心血管疾病、代谢和神经组织退化疾病的风险。
It can affect your workday
它会影响你的日常工作
You might need a few extra cups of coffee to feel perky on the job after a restless night. But researchers say it doesn't take much sleep loss to make your job performance falter.
一夜无眠之后，你可能需要多喝几杯咖啡才能在工作中感到精力充沛。但是研究人员说，不需要太多睡眠缺失，你的工作就会受到影响。
It can impact how you eat
它会影响你的饮食方式
Skipping sleep also may be related to poor nutrition. A 2019 study finds that people who get fewer than the recommended seven hours of sleep per night get lower amounts of key nutrients including vitamins A, D, and B1, as well as magnesium, calcium, zinc and phosphorus.
睡眠缺乏还与营养不良有关系。2019年一项调查发现，那些平均每天睡眠时间少于7小时的人得到的主要营养较少，包括维生素A、D、B1和镁、钙、锌、磷等微量元素。
"Our findings suggest that individuals with short sleep duration might benefit from improving their intake of these nutrients through diet," said the lead study author Chioma Ikonte, in a statement.
“我们的研究发现，睡眠持续时间较短的人可以通过饮食增加这些营养元素的摄入。”该研究的主要作者基马伊孔特在一份声明中说。
It can drive away your loved ones
它会赶走你身边的人
We've all had those days when we didn't get enough sleep and felt grumpy all day long. According to a study from the University of California, losing sleep can affect your relationship with others.
我们都有过这样的时候，睡眠不足导致一整天脾气较差。加利福尼亚大学的一项研究表明，缺乏睡眠会影响我们与他人的关系。
How sleep deprivation disrupts brain activity
缺乏睡眠是怎样影响大脑活动的
A small study in 2017 looked at the cause of those sleep loss-induced mental lapses. Researchers found that sleep deprivation disrupts brain cells' ability to communicate with each other. The researchers believe that disruption leads to temporary mental lapses that affect memory and visual perception.
2017年的一项小型研究着眼于睡眠不足导致的智力衰退的原因。研究人员发现，睡眠不足会破坏脑细胞之间的交流能力。研究人员认为，大脑混乱会导致暂时性的精神失误，影响记忆和视觉感知。
