在使用防晒霜之后，某些化学物质会进入血液

在使用防晒霜之后，某些化学物质会进入血液

After a single application, a total of seven chemicals commonly found in sunscreens can be absorbed into the bloodstream at levels that exceed safety thresholds, according to studies by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, an arm of the US Food and Drug Administration.

根据美国食品和药物管理局下属的药物评估与研究中心的研究，在一次应用之后，防晒霜中常见的七种化学物质可被血液吸收，吸收水平超过安全阈值。

"What is most alarming about these findings is that chemicals are absorbing into the body in significant amounts and the ingredients have not been fully tested for safety," said David Andrews, a senior scientist for the Environmental Working Group, or EWG, a consumer organization which advocates for sunscreen safety.

“这些发现最令人担忧的是，化学物质大量被人体吸收，而且成分还没有经过充分的安全测试，”环境工作组(简称EWG)的高级科学家戴维·安德鲁斯说。EWG是一个倡导安全使用防晒霜的消费者组织。

"If companies want to keep these ingredients in products, they need to urgently test for potential harm to children and harm from long-term use," Andrews added.

安德鲁斯补充说:“如果公司想要在产品中保留这些成分，他们需要紧急检测这些成分对儿童的潜在危害以及长期使用的危害。”

The fact that an ingredient is absorbed through the skin and into the body doesn't mean that particular ingredient is unsafe, said Dr. Janet Woodcock, director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the arm of the FDA which conducted the studies.

进行这些研究的美国食品和药物管理局下属机构药物评估与研究中心主任珍妮特·伍德考克博士说，某种成分通过皮肤被吸收并进入人体，这并不意味着它是不安全的。

"Rather, this finding calls for further industry testing to determine the safety and effect of systemic exposure of sunscreen ingredients, especially with chronic use," Woodcock said.

伍德考克说:“相反，这一发现需要进一步的行业测试，以确定系统性暴露在防晒霜成分中的安全性和效果，尤其是长期使用的情况下。”

Experts and the FDA stress the sun's link to cancer and aging is real, so don't abandon sun protection. Suggestions include long-sleeved clothing, hats, sunglasses and staying in the shade. If chemical sunscreens worry you, consider mineral-based sunscreens, which the FDA has determined are generally considered safe and effective.

专家和FDA强调，阳光与癌症和衰老之间的联系是真实存在的，所以不要放弃防晒。建议穿长袖衣服、戴帽子、太阳镜和呆在阴凉处。如果你担心化学防晒产品，可以考虑矿物防晒产品，美国食品和药物管理局已经确定，矿物防晒产品通常被认为是安全有效的。

The American Academy of Dermatology recommends applying at least 1 ounce of sunscreen to all exposed skin every two hours or after swimming, including "back, neck, face, ears, tops of your feet and legs."

美国皮肤病学会建议，每两小时或游泳后，在所有暴露在外的皮肤上涂抹至少一盎司的防晒霜，包括“背部、颈部、脸部、耳朵、脚背和腿部”。

The FDA findings, published Tuesday in the journal JAMA, confirmed the results of a pilot study the agency published last year. That pilot study discovered four popular chemical sunscreen filters often used in commercial products -- avobenzone, oxybenzone, octocrylene, and ecamsule -- were absorbed from the skin into the bloodstream after a single day of use.

美国食品和药物管理局周二在《美国医学会杂志》上发表的研究结果证实了该机构去年发表的一项试点研究的结果。那项初步研究发现了四种常用的化学防晒产品——阿武苯宗、氧苯宗、八烯醇和胶囊——在使用一天后从皮肤吸收到血液中。

The new study reevaluated three of the original four (avobenzone, oxybenzone and octocrylene) and added three additional sunscreen chemicals -- homosalate, octisalate, and octinoxate.

这项新研究重新评估了原来的四种防晒产品中的三种(阿伏苯宗、氧苯宗和八烯丙烯)，并添加了三种额外的防晒化学物质——同质酸盐、辛酸盐和辛酸盐。

Participants in the new study were asked to apply sunscreen on 75% of their bodies the first day. On days two through four, they were asked to apply the same amount at four times during the day.

在这项新研究中，参与者被要求在第一天在全身75%的地方涂抹防晒霜。在第2天到第4天，他们被要求在一天中涂4次相同的量。

After initial absorption, the concentration of the six chemicals in the blood increased each day of application, and remained above FDA safety levels at day seven, well after application had ended. Two of the chemicals -- homosalate and oxybenzone -- were still above safety thresholds at day 21.

在最初的吸收之后，这六种化学物质在血液中的浓度在每天的应用中都有所增加，并且在第7天仍然高于美国食品和药物管理局的安全水平，这是在应用结束很久之后。其中两种化学物质——同质酸盐和氧苯酮——在第21天仍高于安全阈值。

"It seems likely that some of it is getting absorbed into the blood long after the sunscreen applications and in part that is why levels in blood stay high weeks after application," Andrews said.

安德鲁斯说:“在涂抹防晒霜后很长一段时间内，一些防晒霜可能会被血液吸收，这也是为什么涂抹防晒霜几周后血液中的防晒霜含量仍然很高的部分原因。”