口罩可将传播风险降低90%

口罩可将传播风险降低90%

Wearing face coverings could reduce the spread of Covid-19, according to a new study by the University of Edinburgh.

根据爱丁堡大学的一项新研究，戴口罩可以减少Covid-19的传播。

Research has found wearing a face covering can reduce the forward distance of an exhaled breath by more than 90 per cent.

研究发现，戴口罩可以将呼气的前向距离缩短90%以上。

As the breath could contain small droplets of water, some of which may contain traces of the virus, experts have said covering up the mouth and nose could help combat Covid-19.

由于呼吸中可能含有小水滴，其中一些可能含有病毒的痕迹，专家表示，遮住口鼻可能有助于抗击Covid-19。

Scientists testing the effectiveness of seven different types of face coverings, including medical grade and homemade masks, said they could all potentially limit the spread of coronavirus.

科学家们测试了七种不同类型的口罩的有效性，包括医用和手工口罩。他们表示，这些口罩都有可能限制冠状病毒的传播。

The Scottish Government advised people on April 28 to wear face coverings when leaving the house and entering enclosed spaces where maintaining social distancing is more difficult, such as on public transport or in supermarkets.

4月28日，苏格兰政府建议人们在出门和进入封闭空间(如公共交通或超市)时，要戴上面罩，因为在封闭空间内维持社会距离比较困难。

Dr Felicity Mehendale, a surgeon at the Centre for Global Health at the University of Edinburgh’s Usher Institute, said: “It was reassuring to see the handmade mask worked just as well as the surgical mask to stop the wearer’s breath flowing directly forwards.

爱丁堡大学厄舍研究所全球健康中心的外科医生费利西蒂·梅恩德勒博士说:“手工制作的口罩和外科口罩一样，可以阻止佩戴者的呼吸直接向前流动，这让人感到欣慰。”

“This suggests that some handmade masks can help to prevent the wearer from infecting the public.”

“这表明，一些手工制作的口罩可以帮助防止佩戴者感染公众。”

But a team lead by engineers at the university found some masks enabled strong jets of air to escape from the back and sides.

但该大学的一个由工程师领导的团队发现，一些口罩可以让强劲的气流从背后和侧面逸出。

Heavy breathing and coughing, in particular, were shown to generate intense backward jets.

特别是，沉重的呼吸和咳嗽，被证明会产生强烈的向后喷射。

Only masks that form a tight seal with the face were found to prevent the escape of virus-laden fluid particles, the team said.

研究小组称，只有与面部形成紧密密封的口罩才能防止携带病毒的液体颗粒逸出。

Dr Ignazio Maria Viola, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Engineering, who co-ordinated the project, said: “I have generally been impressed by the effectiveness of all the face coverings we tested.

爱丁堡大学工程学院的伊格纳齐奥·玛丽亚·维奥拉博士协调了这一项目，他说：“我对我们测试的所有面部覆盖物的有效性普遍印象深刻。

“However, we discovered that some face coverings allow the emergence of downward or backward jets that people are not aware of and that could be a major hazard to others around them.”

“然而，我们发现，一些口罩会导致人们没有意识到的向下或向后喷射(呼气)，这可能会对周围的人造成重大危害。”

Dr Mehendale added: “The strong backward jets mean you need to think twice before turning your head if you cough while wearing a mask and be careful if you stand behind or beside someone wearing a mask.”

梅恩德勒博士补充说:“强烈的后向气流意味着，如果你戴着口罩咳嗽，在转头前需要三思;如果你站在戴口罩的人身后或旁边，也要小心。”

Last week the UK Government announced that they had agreed a deal with Scottish technology company Honeywell to manufacture 70 million face masks for frontline NHS workers.

上周，英国政府宣布，他们已与苏格兰科技公司霍尼韦尔达成协议，为NHS(英国国家医疗服务系统)一线员工生产7000万个口罩。

The deal, the biggest UK order of its kind, will create 450 new jobs at the production site in Newhouse, North Lanarkshire.

这是英国同类订单中最大的一笔，将为位于北拉纳克郡纽豪斯的工厂创造450个新工作岗位。

Miles Briggs, said: “The use of a face mask to reduce the possible transmission of Covid-19 is apparent and now we have the science to back it up.

迈尔斯·布里格斯说:“使用口罩来减少Covid-19可能的传播是显而易见的，现在我们有了科学依据。

This is a very worthwhile piece of research by the University of Edinburgh on the effectiveness of different face masks.

这是爱丁堡大学关于不同口罩有效性的一项非常有价值的研究。