研究表明，大麻可能对癌症疼痛没有帮助

研究表明，大麻可能对癌症疼痛没有帮助

"Yup, life's a tradeoff," Susan Sarandon tells co-star Julia Roberts while smoking weed in the 1998 tearjerker "Step Mom." In the film, Sarandon plays a woman dying of cancer while struggling to accept leaving her kids to the much younger, much hipper woman her ex-husband married.

1998年，在催人泪下的电影《继母》中，苏珊•萨兰登一边吸着大麻，一边对联合主演朱莉娅•罗伯茨说:“是的，生活就是一种权衡。”在这部电影中，萨兰登饰演一名死于癌症的女子，她努力接受把孩子留给比自己年轻得多、比自己时髦得多的前夫所娶的妻子。

"It's finally legal to smoke dope, but you've got to have cancer," Sarandon says, exhaling a puff of smoke.

“吸食毒品终于合法了，但必须是在你得癌症的前提下，”萨兰登边说边吐了一口烟。

Like many people suffering with cancer, Sarandon's character used weed to ease some of the pain of her disease and the nausea that treatment often brings.

和许多癌症患者一样，萨兰登饰演的角色用大麻来缓解癌症带来的疼痛和恶心。"Certainly here in the United States, this has become a major topic of interest, based on anecdotal reports where people say, 'You know, as a cancer patient I feel better when I use cannabis,' or CBD or whatever the product might be," said Dr. J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, deputy chief medical officer for the American Cancer Society.

“当然，在美国，这已经成为一个重要的话题，因为人们会说，‘你知道，作为一个癌症患者，我使用大麻、CBD或其他任何相关产品时感觉更好’，”美国癌症协会副首席医疗官J·伦纳德·利希滕菲尔德博士说。

But a new review of studies done in Europe is casting doubt on the ability of marijuana to truly address cancer pain.

但是，一项对欧洲研究的新评论对大麻真正解决癌症疼痛的能力提出了质疑。

Published Monday in the journal BMJ, researchers analyzed six randomized control trials -- the gold standard of research -- of nearly 1.500 cancer patients in the UK and Europe. The studies compared the pain levels of cancer patients on opioid treatment when they added cannabis for additional pain control to similar groups who were given a placebo instead.

周一发表在BMJ杂志上的研究人员分析了英国和欧洲近1500名癌症患者的6项随机对照试验-研究的黄金标准。这些研究比较了接受阿片类药物治疗的癌症患者在添加大麻以额外止痛时的疼痛水平，并与给予安慰剂的类似组进行了比较。

The analysis found no change in average pain intensity between the people who used cannabis and those who took dummy pills, therefore "this systemic review provides good evidence that cannabinoids do not have a role in cancer-related pain," the study authors stated.

分析发现，在使用大麻的人和服用安慰剂的人之间，平均疼痛强度没有变化，因此“这项系统的回顾提供了很好的证据，证明大麻类物质在癌症相关的疼痛中没有作用，”研究作者说。

In addition, a few cannabis users experienced side effects at times severe enough to cause dropout from the studies. Reported side effects included dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and sleepiness.

此外，一些大麻使用者有时会出现严重的副作用，足以导致他们中途退出研究。报道的副作用包括头晕、恶心、呕吐、疲劳和嗜睡。

The study authors' conclusion: cannabinoids cannot be recommended to treat cancer-related pain.

该研究作者的结论是:大麻素不能被推荐用于治疗癌症相关的疼痛。

Cannabinoids are chemical substances that bind to receptors in the endocannabinoid system, charged with regulating everything from sleep to appetite to inflammation to pain and more.

大麻素是一种化学物质，它与内源性大麻素系统中的受体结合，负责调节从睡眠到食欲，从炎症到疼痛等一切症状。

According to the Alcohol Drug Abuse Institute, 66 of the 480 natural components of the marijuana plant are classified as cannabinoids; the most well-known, of course, are CBD and THC.

根据酒精药物滥用研究所的数据，大麻植物的480种天然成分中有66种被归类为大麻类物质;当然，最知名的是CBD和THC。

The study authors also said their conclusion was free of a high risk of bias, thus making the validity of their scientific conclusion stronger.

该研究的作者还说，他们的结论没有很高的偏见风险，因此使他们的科学结论的有效性更强。

The studies in the review do carry extra credibility, and therefore less bias, Lichtenfeld said, because the cannabis used was from countries where cannabis quality control is highly regulated.

利希滕费尔德说，这项综述中的研究确实具有额外的可信度，因此偏见较少，因为所使用的大麻来自大麻质量控制严格的国家。